Bruce Tuckman
Bruce Tuckman and the Group Development Model
Bruce Wayne Tuckman a well-respected psychologist was born in 1938. In 1960 he completed a Bachelor of Science at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute situated in New York. After completing his bachelor, he attended Princeton University where he received his Masters and PhD in Psychology. Tuckman finished his studies in 1964 respectively, and since then has worked in many universities. He is currently Professor Emeritus of Educational Psychology and the Director of the Learning Center at the Ohio State University. Most of the works and theories Tuckman has done deal mainly with educational research and psychology. Although he has published many famous works such as his Theories and Applications of Educational Psychology (first published in 1996) or his novel The Long Road to Boston (1988), Tuckman is probably best known for his short article 'Developmental sequence in small groups ' first published in 1965. He came up with this article while performing a research for the US Navy concerning the behavior of small groups in different environments. His original article basically explained the way in which the groups he was researching evolved, this was described using four distinct stages that a group has to go through as it starts to operate. These four stages where: Forming, Storming, Norming and Performing. He concluded that in order for a team or group to achieve maximum effectiveness, it must first experience the four steps mentioned above. A fifth stage of Adjourning was later added in 1977 with the help of Mary Ann Jensen. Although simple, this model is very straightforward and effective. It helps think and understand the dynamics around the way teams develop and behave. This model suggest that since the beginning formation stage of a small group to the end of the task they are assigned to do, the team goes through drastic changes from an unproductive beginning to a very efficient end. The model
Bruce Wayne Tuckman a well-respected psychologist was born in 1938. In 1960 he completed a Bachelor of Science at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute situated in New York. After completing his bachelor, he attended Princeton University where he received his Masters and PhD in Psychology. Tuckman finished his studies in 1964 respectively, and since then has worked in many universities. He is currently Professor Emeritus of Educational Psychology and the Director of the Learning Center at the Ohio State University. Most of the works and theories Tuckman has done deal mainly with educational research and psychology. Although he has published many famous works such as his Theories and Applications of Educational Psychology (first published in 1996) or his novel The Long Road to Boston (1988), Tuckman is probably best known for his short article 'Developmental sequence in small groups ' first published in 1965. He came up with this article while performing a research for the US Navy concerning the behavior of small groups in different environments. His original article basically explained the way in which the groups he was researching evolved, this was described using four distinct stages that a group has to go through as it starts to operate. These four stages where: Forming, Storming, Norming and Performing. He concluded that in order for a team or group to achieve maximum effectiveness, it must first experience the four steps mentioned above. A fifth stage of Adjourning was later added in 1977 with the help of Mary Ann Jensen. Although simple, this model is very straightforward and effective. It helps think and understand the dynamics around the way teams develop and behave. This model suggest that since the beginning formation stage of a small group to the end of the task they are assigned to do, the team goes through drastic changes from an unproductive beginning to a very efficient end. The model
Bibliography: A Research and Applications Journal ? Number 3, Spring 2001http://dennislearningcenter.osu.edu/references/GROUP%20DEV%20ARTICLE.doc. Accessed August 9th, 2013. "Businessballs Index." Bruce Tuckman Forming Storming Norming Performing Team Development Model. Situational Leadership, Web.10th August. 2013. Smith, M. K. (2005) 'Bruce W. Tuckman - forming, storming, norming and performing in groups, the encyclopaedia of informal education, http://infed.org/mobi/bruce-w-tuckman-forming-storming-norming-and-performing-in-groups/7th August. 2013. Leadership Asheville. "Bruce W. Tuckman: Forming, Storming, Norming, Performing, and Adjourning in Groups." n.d. Web. 10th August. 2013. . " Group Development." Group Development. N.p., n.d. Web. 9 Aug. 2013. .