How do these drugs work together to address Mrs. Morales’s underlying pathologic conditions? Hypertension occurs when the body’s smaller blood vessels (the arterioles) narrow,…
Doctors may prescribe beta-blockers for patients with tachycardias (rapid heart rates). They help patients with angina by lowering the amount of oxygen the heart muscles require. Angina pectoris occurs when the heart requires more oxygen than it is getting.…
Digoxin “increases intracellular calcium and allows more calcium to enter myocardial cells during depolarization” (Karch, 2017 p.756). The increase in calcium leads to: increased force of contractions, increased cardiac output and renal perfusion, slower heart rate, and decreased conduction velocity through the AV node (Karch, 2017). This medication is indicated for HF, a-flutter, a-fib, and paryoxysmal atrial tachycardia (Karch,…
Side Effects: restlessness, tremors, dizziness, palpitations, tachycardia, nervousness, peripheral vasodilation, n/v, hyperglycemia, increased B/P, paradoxical bronchospasm…
A.C.E. Inhibitors - Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors block the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II. Avoiding Angiotensin II may avoid increased blood pressure and vasoconstriction. They usually have the suffix "PRIL" A.2.R.B. - Angiotensin 2 Receptor Blockers block Angiotensin 2 enzymes from specific receptor sites. Avoiding Angiotensin 2 activity helps prohibit vasoconstriction. They usually have the suffix "ARTAN" Anti-Biotics - Anti-Biotics inhibit the reproduction of new Bacteria cells. There are several varieties and Drug Class Definitions of Anti-Biotics.Anti-Convulsants - Anti-Convulsants suppress the rapid firing of neurons in the nervous system (brain). Also known as Anti-epileptic drugs and Anti-Seizure drugs.Anti-Diabetics / Sulfonylureas - lower glucose levels in the blood. They are only used to treat Type II Diabetes.Benzodiazepines - Also know as "Benzos". Benzos are used as anti-anxiety agents, muscle relaxants, sedatives, and hypnotics. They usually have the suffix "PAM".Beta Blockers (B1) - Also known as Beta-adrenergic blocking agents. Block adrenaline receptors, which are part of the central nervous system and mediate a "Fight or flight" response, which would cause actions in the heart. They usually have the suffix "OLOL".Calcium Channel Blockers - Calcium channel blockers work by blocking calcium channels in cardiac muscle and blood vessels, thereby slowing down activity in the heart.Diuretics - Diuretics are primarily used to treat hypertension. They promote evacuation of water from the body, which decreases the load on the cardiovascular system.HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors - Also known as Statins, They inhibit the body's cholesterol production and usually have the suffix "STATIN".NSAID - Non Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs are commonly used as pain killers and Fever Reducers. They are non-narcotic and can be sold OTC.Opioid - Opioids provide an analgesic effect by decreasing the perception of pain and…
4: the high blood pressure and heart rate would contribute to a potential heart attack. The combination of lasix N…
used in patients with symptoms of heart failure. They commonly cause peripheral edema and weight…
As an organization they are responsible for the safety of patients. Fortunately, most errors are caught, and those that are missed usually do not lead to adverse outcomes. However, this may not apply to certain high-risk medications (e.g., intravenous potassium chloride or insulin) justifying a more aggressive approach toward preventing errors in their use. We believe that vasopressin should be considered a high-risk medication, since it has a narrow therapeutic window and is known to cause the serious adverse cardiovascular effects seen in this patient when recommended doses are exceeded (Bagian, Gosbee, Lee, Williams, McKnight, Mannos,…
Digoxin – this is used to slow and steady the heart. The pulse should be checked before it is given and if the pulse dips below 60 beats per minute advice should be given.…
Calcium channel blockers may work better for older people and African-Americans than do ACE inhibitors alone. Renin inhibitors slow down the production of renin, an enzyme produced by your kidneys that starts a chain of chemical steps that increases BP. There a risk of serious complications, including stroke, if taking renin inhibitors with ACE inhibitors or ARBs. If taking at least three different types of high BP drugs does not work you may have resistant HTN. People who have controlled high BP but are taking four different types of medications at the same time to achieve that control also are considered to have resistant HTN. Having resistant HTN means that you may have to fine-tune your medications to come up with the most effective combination and doses. Beyond medications, lifestyle changes can also help lower BP. These include: eating a healthier diet with less salt, exercising regularly, quitting smoking, limiting alcohol intake, and maintaining a healthy weight or losing weight if you're overweight or obese. To help treat high BP, health care providers recommend that you limit sodium and salt intake, increase potassium, and eat foods that are heart…
The rational for administering IV Lasix in Mrs. J condition, is due to the heart failure and respiratory issues she is having because IV Lasix is an anthranilic acid derivative that is used as a strong diuretic. Lasix is also use with antihypertensive drugs to control hypertension. A loop diuretics are the single most effective agents available to decrease circulating blood volume and reduce signs of congestion. They act via inhibition of the Na+/k+/cl- cotransporter in the thick ascending loop of Henle. This leads to increase renal sodium and chloride excretion, with subsequent free water loss, IV Lasix…
A second example is beta blockers (BBs) which are used to reduce the activity of adrenaline and noradrenaline which are part of the sympathomedullary response to stress. Beta Blockers bind to receptors on the cells of the heart and other parts of the body that are usually stimulated during arousal. By blocking these receptors, it is harder to stimulate cells in these parts of the body, so the heart beats slower and with less force, and the blood vessels do not contrast as easily. This results in a fall in blood pressure, and so less stress on the heart. The person taking the medication will feel calmer…
Propranolol is used for patients with high blood pressure. It is also used to treat chest pain related to coronary artery disease. Propranolol is useful in slowing and regulating a person’s heart rate Propranolol is to slow down rapid heart rate and tremor. For someone with hx of CAD 10 mg is way too low a dosage. The regular dosage for CAD is 10-30 mg 3-4 daily or the usual dose using long acting formulations is 80-160 mg daily. (WebMD). This drug may interact with metoprolol and digoxin since thy all lower heart rate..…
It was realized that discovery of medications to gain control of high blood pressure, or hypertension, could potentially bring in a large amount of money. Diuretics–“water pills” used to remove unneeded water and salt through the urine–were the first medications to successfully reduce high blood pressure without causing excessive disadvantageous effects.…
Remember, Uncle Juan had a massive stroke back in the early 90s that took his life away. I was clinically confirmed to have hypertension in my late 50 years old. Shortly after under Hi BP treatment I encountered BP spikes couple of times and hospitalized in McAllen, TX just a few miles north of Mex. border. Fortunately, both events ruled out any stroke. However, I was runing into different side effects or allergy to certain BP medications. Now, I have a very firm foundation to say, any BP medication that links to Angio-tensin would bring on severe side effects to my health.…