For centuries China stood as a leading civilization, outpacing the rest of the world in the arts and sciences, situated in Eastern Asia, bordering the East China Sea, Korea Bay, Yellow Sea, and South China Sea, between North Korea and Vietnam, having worlds largest population of 1,330,044,544 (July 2008 est.) and worlds second largest economy after USA.(CIA,2008).
Cultural, Legal & Political Issues in China
Political Background On 1 January 1912, the Republic of China(ROC) was established, after ending the Qing Dynasty. Sun Yat-sen of the Kuomintang (the KMT or Nationalist Party) was proclaimed provisional president of the republic. In 1915, Yuan Shikai former Qing general who was given precidency proclaimed himself Emperor of China but was forced to abdicate and return the state to a republic when he realized it was an unpopular move, not only with the population but also with his own created Beiyang Army and its commanders(infoplease,2008). The Sino-Japanese War of 1937–1945 which was supposed to be a part of second world war ended with Japan 's surrender to the Western Allies in 1945 which touched off civil war between the Kuomintang forces under Chiang and Communists led by Mao Zedong, who had been battling since the 1930s for control of China. Despite U.S. aid, the Kuomintang were overcome by the Soviet-supported Communists, and Chiang and his followers were forced to flea the mainland, establishing a government-in-exile on the island of Formosa (Taiwan). The Mao regime proclaimed the People 's Republic of China on Oct. 1, 1949, with Beijing as the new capital and Zhou Enlai as premier (infoplease,2008). Now this communist country is having one political party which is Chinese Communist Party or CCP lead by current president HU Jintao and there are eight other registered small parties controlled by CCP.(CIA,2008)
Legal Background After independence on 1st Oct 1949, China legal system had been created
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