cardio lab report
The human cardiovascular system consists of the heart, the blood, and a system of transporting vessels. A human heart has four chambers: a right and left atrium and a right and left ventricle. The fist-sized heart sits in its own sac (the pericardium) in the middle of the chest under the sternum. In most people, the apex of the heart points to the left.
There are two circuits of simultaneous blood flow in humans: a pulmonary circuit and a systemic circuit. In the pulmonary circuit, the right ventricle pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs for gas exchange. At the same time, oxygenated blood that has come from the lungs to the left side of the heart is pumped to the body’s cells (the systemic circuit) for gas exchange. The deoxygenated blood is returned to the right side of the heart.
Strenuous exercise causes a dramatic increase in blood flow to skeletal muscles that depend on the red blood cells to bring them the oxygen necessary for cellular respiration , which is the quantity of blood pumped from one’s heart and clinically measured per minute. There are several points in the body where the heart rate may be taken, but it is read clinically at the wrist over the radial artery.
Cardiac output is important because it determines one’s potentials for gas exchange and thus physical activities. Exercise over time increases one’s physical fitness. A way to measure fitness is by taking a blood pressure reading. Blood pressure is read by a device called a sphygmomanometer. Blood pressure is the force of blood moving along the elastic walls of arteries. The top number is the systolic reading, corresponding to the contraction phase of the heartbeat. The bottom number is the diastolic reading and corresponds to the relaxation phase of the heartbeat. A healthy at-rest systolic reading for a young adult would be 110 to 120 mmHg (millimeters of mercury). A good at-rest diastolic reading would be 70 to 80 mmHg. It is measured clinically over the brachial
There are two circuits of simultaneous blood flow in humans: a pulmonary circuit and a systemic circuit. In the pulmonary circuit, the right ventricle pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs for gas exchange. At the same time, oxygenated blood that has come from the lungs to the left side of the heart is pumped to the body’s cells (the systemic circuit) for gas exchange. The deoxygenated blood is returned to the right side of the heart.
Strenuous exercise causes a dramatic increase in blood flow to skeletal muscles that depend on the red blood cells to bring them the oxygen necessary for cellular respiration , which is the quantity of blood pumped from one’s heart and clinically measured per minute. There are several points in the body where the heart rate may be taken, but it is read clinically at the wrist over the radial artery.
Cardiac output is important because it determines one’s potentials for gas exchange and thus physical activities. Exercise over time increases one’s physical fitness. A way to measure fitness is by taking a blood pressure reading. Blood pressure is read by a device called a sphygmomanometer. Blood pressure is the force of blood moving along the elastic walls of arteries. The top number is the systolic reading, corresponding to the contraction phase of the heartbeat. The bottom number is the diastolic reading and corresponds to the relaxation phase of the heartbeat. A healthy at-rest systolic reading for a young adult would be 110 to 120 mmHg (millimeters of mercury). A good at-rest diastolic reading would be 70 to 80 mmHg. It is measured clinically over the brachial