Chapter 1
1. The comment “In psychology, even the rats are white and male” refers to which of the following?
a. Experimental psychologists continue to use only white male rats in their research studies.
b. Psychotherapy is useful only for white males.
c. Most psychological theories were developed by white men of European descent and much of the research historically focused on whites and males.
d. All of the above.
e. Only b and c.
2. Which of the following perspectives emphasizes relationship and community over individuality, and its beginnings occurred in the context of people’s experiences and interactions in personal, political, and professional settings?
a. Biological perspective.
b. Psychosocial perspective.
c. Feminist-multicultural perspective.
d. Religious-spiritual perspective.
e. Relationship and community perspective
3. What do Theories do
a. Explain phenomena.
b. Involve gathering and organizing knowledge.
c. Help scientists make predictions.
d. All of the above.
e. Only a and b.
4. Which statement is least consistent with what Corsini and Wedding believed about counseling and psychotherapy?
5. What is most true about the status of therapy effectiveness?
6. According to Lambert, which common therapeutic factor(s) account(s) for approximately 15% of therapeutic change?
A. Expectancy.
B. Techniques.
C. Extratherapeutic factors.
D. All of the above.
E. Both a and b (techniques and expectancy) account for 15%.
7. The goal of efficacy research involves tightly controlled experimental trials with high internal validity, whereas effectiveness research:
8. Which of the following is a descriptive term used for treatments that are manualized and shown to be superior to a placebo or other treatments?
a. Medically proven treatments.
b. Research-based treatments.
c. Psychotherapy.
d. Empirically supported treatments.
e. Empirically satisfying treatments.
9. Which theorist(s) has/have claimed