Ch
Sponge Characteristics
Kingdom Animalia
Phylum porifera
Multicellular
Eukaryotic
Simplest animals
All aquatic
Can be found in many colors and shapes
Most are filter feeders
Filter feeders- eat by straining particles from the water
Do not have tissues
Lack muscle and nerve cells
Sessile- unable to move from where they are attatched
Secrete roxing to:
1. Prevent other sponges from growing in their area
2. Protection from predators and paracites
Sponge reproduction
Reproduce both sexually and asexually
Asexually by budding
Sponge anatomy
Sponges do not have mouths
Water pulled in through tiny pores in body wall
Water exits through the top of the spronge cells that cover a framework or collagen-like fibers (sponging)
Skeleteon reinforced with spicules (calcium or gilicon based crystals)
Body made up of 3 types of specialized cells:
1. Pinacocytes
2. Choanocytes
3. Amoebocytes
Pinacocytes
Form the outer layer
Thin and leathery
Choanocytes
Form the inner layer called”collar
Cnidarian Characteristics
Kingdom Animalia
Phylum cnidarian
Multicellular
Eukaryotic
Radial symmetry
Some can move (motile)
Have 2 major body forms:
1. Polyp
2. Medusa
Polyp- cylindrical tubes with mouth and tentacles facing upward
Ex: corals, sea anemones
Fig 3-3 pg 663
Medusa- umbrella-shaped with their mouth and tentacles facing down
Ex: jellyfish
Fig 3-3 pg 663
Many species alternate between the 2 forms during their life cycle
Cnidarian Reproduction
May reproduce both asexually and sexually during its life cycle
Polyps reproduce asexually by budding
Produces genetically identical offspring
Medusa form reproduces sexually releasing gametes into the water
Fertilized egg develops into free-swimming larva called a planula
Planula develops into polyp stage
Cnidarian Anatomy
Cnidarian bodies have 2 tissue layers separated by a non-cellular jelly – like material called mesoglea
Outer tissue layer is made up of 3 types of cells:
1. Contracting cells
2. Nerve cells
3. Cnidocytes
Contracting Cells
Kingdom Animalia
Phylum porifera
Multicellular
Eukaryotic
Simplest animals
All aquatic
Can be found in many colors and shapes
Most are filter feeders
Filter feeders- eat by straining particles from the water
Do not have tissues
Lack muscle and nerve cells
Sessile- unable to move from where they are attatched
Secrete roxing to:
1. Prevent other sponges from growing in their area
2. Protection from predators and paracites
Sponge reproduction
Reproduce both sexually and asexually
Asexually by budding
Sponge anatomy
Sponges do not have mouths
Water pulled in through tiny pores in body wall
Water exits through the top of the spronge cells that cover a framework or collagen-like fibers (sponging)
Skeleteon reinforced with spicules (calcium or gilicon based crystals)
Body made up of 3 types of specialized cells:
1. Pinacocytes
2. Choanocytes
3. Amoebocytes
Pinacocytes
Form the outer layer
Thin and leathery
Choanocytes
Form the inner layer called”collar
Cnidarian Characteristics
Kingdom Animalia
Phylum cnidarian
Multicellular
Eukaryotic
Radial symmetry
Some can move (motile)
Have 2 major body forms:
1. Polyp
2. Medusa
Polyp- cylindrical tubes with mouth and tentacles facing upward
Ex: corals, sea anemones
Fig 3-3 pg 663
Medusa- umbrella-shaped with their mouth and tentacles facing down
Ex: jellyfish
Fig 3-3 pg 663
Many species alternate between the 2 forms during their life cycle
Cnidarian Reproduction
May reproduce both asexually and sexually during its life cycle
Polyps reproduce asexually by budding
Produces genetically identical offspring
Medusa form reproduces sexually releasing gametes into the water
Fertilized egg develops into free-swimming larva called a planula
Planula develops into polyp stage
Cnidarian Anatomy
Cnidarian bodies have 2 tissue layers separated by a non-cellular jelly – like material called mesoglea
Outer tissue layer is made up of 3 types of cells:
1. Contracting cells
2. Nerve cells
3. Cnidocytes
Contracting Cells