In the book, A place to Stand, by Jimmy Santiago Baca, Baca writes about prison and how being incarcerated can have impact on a person and their family. With the most beautiful, strong and poetic language, Baca tells us the story of all the people who faces difficult times in order to find their place in the world. Baca always felt like he had no place to stand in society because, all of his life he was put down by his family and friends. From the age of five Baca experienced his dad and uncles going in and out of jail from being addicted to alcohol. Baca knew he would eventually end up in jail sooner or later because that’s what he had experienced all of his life. Baca writes, “Whether I was approaching it or seeking escape from it, jail always defined in some way the measure of my life” (3). Baca felt that his life would always head in the wrong direction because of his family issues. Baca shows being in prison can cause a lot of emotional impact on a person’s life, as well as affect the community.…
Canada’s prison population is at its highest level ever even though crime is decreasing (silcox, February 5, 2014). This can be attributed to Canada’s PIC, people in power makes laws to imprison the misfits of society so they can be used as raw material for companies that rely on prisons for profit. In Canada the number of visible minorities in prison has increased 75% in the last decade, while aboriginals make up a quarter…
The Prison Service encompasses three central aims; holding prisoners securely, decrease risk of offending and lastly offer safe, well-ordered institutions in which prisoners are treated humanely, decently and lawfully (Cavadino and Dignan, 2007, p.193). When the state incarcerates, it must accept accountability for the basic care of those it detains. Although prisoners should not expect luxuries during their time of incarceration, they should not be deprived of the basic goods and comforts of life. Certification of access to enough goods should be available to help them develop as the citizens expected to be. Lord Justice Woolf (1991) claimed three necessities for the prison system to maintain steadiness: security, control and justice. In terms…
The US correctional system punishes offenders in different ways, because each offense is on a different level some can be felonies and some can be charged as misdemeanors. In our correctional system they punishes offenders, by putting them in jail/prison. But in its early years prison punishments for offenders were cruel. In the early year of the correctional system offenders punishments were very different from their punishments now in this day and age.…
As a Criminologist Advisor to the State Legislature, I have been chosen to provide a prison term policy on armed robbery. Currently the legislature will soon be voting on a bill that would double the maximum prison term for anyone convicted of armed robbery. First I would like to define what the legal definition of armed robbery is as defined by the Black's Law Dictionary which is: an aggravated form of robbery in which the defendant is armed with a dangerous weapon, though it is not necessary to prove that he used the weapon to effectuate the robbery. The taking of property from person or presence of another by use of force or by threatening use of force while armed with a dangerous weapon (Black's Law Dictionary, 6th Edition).…
With the decrease of the budget, it has made the parole offices job harder, with fewer people working and less recourse at their disposal. With the increase of caseload, this has created a system where everything is taking to much time by looking at paroles case by case (tt). There needs to be a new system introduced that have a better effect on oversight, control and consistency (tt). There needs to be new policy introduced that bring better community structure that allows the individual to feel a part of society which would stop them to commit a crime. There is the ideology struggle we think incarceration is the best form of punishment this has to change. The parole system does not work most criminal are sent back to prison. There has been…
A., Farquhar, J. W., & Mills, E. J. (2014). Years of life lost to incarceration: Inequities between aboriginal and non-aboriginal Canadians. BMC Public Health, 14(1), 585-585. doi:10.1186/1471-2458-14-585. Canada has seen a moderate increase in its federal and provincial prison populations over the past decade, however this increase has not been uniform across all racial groups. While the non-Aboriginal prison population has shown very little increase during this period, the number of Aboriginal inmates has skyrocketed. This research article analyzes the rates of incarceration between Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal Canadians for both the provincial and federal correction systems and calculates the number of years of life lost to incarceration. The analysis concluded that male and female Aboriginals can expect to spend more time in custody than their non-Aboriginal counterparts in the provincial and federal prisons. Furthermore, this research indicated that an Aboriginal Canadian will lose substantially more years of life to incarceration than a non-Aboriginal…
The penitentiary rivalry has cause a lot of changes within our American prison system. The rivalry implemented design changes every so often which led to better prison population and control of the inmates within them, because every state wanted the best prison system. A few of the changes that came from these rivalries were how they built the inmate cells, they built them so that the inmates or criminals inside them could not see the other inmates or have contact with them. They also allowed inmates to eat with each other rather than separate but this had to be done in complete silence. This rivalry made different types of prisons come about, rather than put all offenders together regardless of crimes committed they…
Would you believe me if I told you that prisons were originally built to reform prisoners? With they way the criminal justice system works and how high the rates of mass incarceration are, in today's day and age, I, myself, would not believe that prisons were built with a positive outcome in mind. If someone would have told me that in the eighteen hundreds prison were used as a place to reform individuals, I would have given them a nasty looking face full of disbelief. But now that I have this information, the question is, what changed? Why is this method still not being practiced in today’s society? However, while asking these question, I realize that it is absolutely amazing the way things change and how easily things are tainted.…
The United States prison system is not a suitable place for nonviolent drug offenders. The high rate of recidivism is caused by one thing and one thing only, prison sentences. Nonviolent drug offenders will have no choice other than to socialize with other inmates, some who have committed irreprehensible crimes, thereby greatly increasing their chance of becoming violent. The population of prisons in the United States is on a steady rise. One way to stop this is by reevaluating the three strikes law, because the proof that this law discourages repeat offenders is simply not there.…
Similar to the situation in the United States, Canada has increasingly had a mass incarceration and overrepresentation issue with primarily the minority groups. The “failure” of the Canadian criminal justice system toward the Aboriginal people are the most evident through the overrepresentation of Aboriginal individuals in provincial and federal prisons. In 2013-2014 Aboriginal adults accounted for one in four admissions to provincial/territorial prisons, while only representing 3% of the Canadian adult population. There are many theories as to why this evident overrepresentation exists. The main arguments are the culture clash, socio-economic status and the history of colonialism. The cultures of Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal Canadians have…
Prisons are already filled beyond maximum capacity, and we continue to keep incarcerating more people. What can be done to end the problem of prison overcrowding and maintain the safety of the public? I chose this topic because I wanted to shine a light on what I consider to be an injustice. I believe that the criminal justice system needs a complete overhaul. When I chose this topic, I wasn’t fully aware of the mandatory sentencing guidelines or how harsh they were. I always believed that judges had more leeway in deciding sentencing. Originally, I hadn’t even considered the possibility of criminal corporal punishment, because I believed it was cruel and something that other less civilized countries would do, not America. I believe that the prison overcrowding problem can be resolved by changing our laws regarding nonviolent offenders, abolishing the mandatory sentencing guidelines and using alternative solutions that do not involve incarceration.…
This article has to maintain a consistent position on the argument on the use of solitary confinement in prisons. The article begins by presenting the use of solitary confinement as “confinement can violate the prohibition against cruel, inhuman and degrading treatment and may even amount to torture” (Ireland). The article has positioned itself against the use of solitary confinement, drawing quotes from multiple sources, explaining the many negative consequences solitary confinement can have on inmates, especially those with mental illness. The article then takes a shift towards the side of the opposition, presenting the argument, “Canadians expect violent criminals to serve sentences which reflect the severity of their crimes” (Ireland). A good article benefits from presenting the opposition’s side of the argument, however, the author of “Half of inmates have been in solitary confinement: Canada's prison watchdog”, has failed to bring the focus back to her main argument. The author has simply presented the oppositions argument, and concluded the article stating that solitary confinement should be used, but simply have limits. The article come to no true conclusion, and leaves the reader with the final thought that solitary confinement is an acceptable use of punishment in the correctional system. The inconsistency of the author’s argument, renders this article…
Parole is by definition the practice of early release of a prisoner from imprisonment who will be subject to conditions set by correctional authorities (Siegel 2014). Although there are some compelling cases that argue for the right for juveniles sentenced to life in prison to be eligible for parole, the Supreme Court ruled in 2011 that there is no absolute right or legal right to receive parole (Swarthout v. Cooke and Cate v. Clay). Furthermore, people who argue that abolishing parole would have a negative effect on society do not have to look much further than the State of Virginia, where violent crime was reduced by 23% since they abolished parole. Criminal sentences should be based on justice, and not on a predictive system that is based…
Therefore, when a person becomes alienated or disconnected from that society, it is the responsibility of everyone in that society to bring the person back into a harmonious relationship with him/her “self”, as well as with the rest of the community. This may mean that the society itself needs to take a long hard look at its own practices and systems, which may be “contributing factors” to the person’s alienation from it. The society may need to heal itself. When a crime is committed it results in the creation of an inequality between the victim and the offender. Unlike the vertical structures of European/ Canadian Justice systems where crime is a violation of the law of the state, all matters in an Aboriginal society are private (James, 1999). Aboriginal societies do not make the distinction between criminal and civil law that is found in the Euro- American tradition. In an Aboriginal society, when a crime is committed the debt that is created is owed to the victim, not the state. The victim has been placed in a lowered status by the victimizer. It becomes the obligation of the victimizer to raise the victim to the status previously held; that being equal with all others within the…