• the year Bach died
• "Classical"
- Greek/Roman antiquity
-many enduring creation or accomplishment
-Any music that's not jazz, folk, rap, rock, pop, etc.
What Classical really is:
•Clarity, Purity, Logical
•Age/Time of enlightenment
•Value of Reason; Reason is the best guide to human conduct
•People believed in progress
•People attacked the privileges of aristocrats and the clergy
Master Composers:
1. Franz Joseph Haydn
>Father of Symphonies
>100+symphonies
>Skilled servant
>Financially stable
2. Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
>Child prodigy
>41 symphonies
>Austrian
>Died in financial need
>Had sickness @ 35
>Lived in a pauper's grave
>tried his luck as a free-lancer
3. Ludwig Van Beethoven
>9 symphonies
>9th symphony ~> choral symphony
>Able to work independently
>German
>Perfect pitch
>'Goes against the grain' attitude
Characteristics of Classical style:
Contrast of Mood - mood may change gradually or suddenly but under control
Symphony No.94 in G Major "Surprise"
(2nd movement by Haydn)
~Has a surprising sound
~Changes to a low then fast sound
Movements:
1st-Fast
2nd-Slow
3rd-Dance
4th-Fast
Rhythm:
-Flexible
-Wealth of rhythmic pattern
-Has pauses, syncopations, & frequent changes from long notes to short notes
Symphony no.5 in C Minor
(1st movement by Beethoven)
~has a 20th century fox intro sound
Texture:
-Homophonic
-Pieces may shift smoothly or suddenly from one texture to another
"Serenade" by Haydn
~clear and pure
Melody
-among the most tuneful and easiest to remember
-occasionally composers borrow popular tune
-Wrote original themes with a popular character
-Tend to sound balanced&symmetrical
-question phrase:consequent
-answer phrase:antecedent
Symphony no.9 by Beethoven "Ode to Joy"
~Low manly voice then high woman's voice later
Variation on Ah, vous di-rai je, maman (Twinkle twinkle little star) K.265 by Mozart
"Eine Kleine