The Cuban Missile Crisis
Worksheet 10
Extended Writing Essay
Amber Fox-Martin
Planning
Timeline
1945 – Hiroshima and Nagasaki Bombing
1949 – Soviet Union develops atomic bomb
1959 – Fidel Castro takes control of Cuba via a Coup
1960 – US places trade embargo on Cuba
1961 – US break diplomatic relations with Cuba (Steps taken by America ‘declared war’, Cuba ready to revolt)
17 April 1961 – 1500 Cuban exiles land on Bay of Pigs; intention overthrowing Castro
September 1962 – Soviets equipped Cuba with missiles, tanks and radar vans
October 1962 – U2 American Spy Plane flew over Cuba and saw missiles.
American Reaction to missiles on Cuba
Team of advisors brought together by Kennedy – civilians and military officers
Option – blockade or air strikes on the missile sites.
Kennedy had many options – had to choose wisely to prevent nuclear war
Decided on blockade of USSR ships carrying missiles. – would sink all ships that crossed quarantine zone (blockade)
Called for Soviet Union to withdraw missiles in Cuba
Kennedy Victory
Youngest American president was able to prove himself
After bay of pigs defeat – shown as successful this time round
Kennedy remained calm and collected
Kennedy proved cynics wrong
Kennedy prevented a nuclear war from happening
The USSR did withdraw missiles in Cuba
Khrushchev Victory
Leader to succeed Stalin, proved himself to be as good of a leader
Khrushchev succeeded in keeping Cuba a Communist State
Khrushchev didn’t start a war
America withdrew their missiles in Turkey and ended the blockade quarantine
a) Cuban History needs to be understood within the context of European History and the Second World War. This is because the two superpowers (USSR and the USA) that were involved in the Second World War were also involved in the Cuban Conflict. The arms race between America and the Soviet Union played a role in increasing the tension that was later seen in Cuba.
This tension and rise of Communism was