Due to systematic racial exclusion from the economy during and immediately after the colonial period in Trinidad and Tobago, the majority of business owners at the formation of the Colombian drug cartels belonged to one of the following ethnicities: Syrian/Lebanese or East Indian. With international business connections and arrangements typically falling along racial, and sometimes familial lines, the primary cartels (Cali and Medellin) employed ethnically homogenous networks of traffickers to transport their product from Colombia to the United States. The Medellin cartel utilized a network of descendents of Syrian and Lebanese immigrants who came to the Caribbean at the start of the 20th century, some of whom Figueria alleges in Cocaine and Heroin trafficking in the Caribbean came to Trinidad to expand their heroin trafficking empire. The Cali cartel employed a similar network of Indians, whose ancestors came to the islands during British rule, and enjoyed a privileged position over the Afro-Trinidadian and Tobagonian slaves they replaced as indentured servants. While the bulk of the profits from the cocaine trade ultimately found their way back to Colombia, the networks of Syrian/Lebanese and Indian traffickers grew to great relative wealth for their participation in the market.…
Pablo Escobar is maybe one of the biggest players in organized crime ever. Pablo Escobar's savage mind set is what set him different from other drug traffickers in Colombia. If he caught you stealing from him, he would have your hands caught off. Because of so many people after him, he decided to join forces with other gangs and big dogs in the drug trade. This was the formation of the Medellin Cartel. The cartel had great success. They had cocaine running through Colombia, Bolivia, Peru, Honduras, the United States , as well as Canada and Europe. At their peak, they supported the world's cocaine. They contributed to at least 84% of cocaine throughout the world. They were bringing in $420,000,000 a week. They were the ones to bring cocaine…
Regardless of what people might think Colombia has strongly fought the drug trafficking for more than 60 years. The Army has been fighting capos, Cartels, and guerillas who switched his communist ideology for terrorist ideology. Now a days the narco-guerrilla is supporting economic in drug trafficking. On the other hand, this battle has brought a negative impact in the Army. According to some studies made by the Army Health Direction: “The curiosity is usually the beginning of this problem and the lack of education, which has influenced some privates to believe that marijuana makes them stronger, helps them to improve their performance, physical and mental”. This belief has made a stereotype and has influence the new generation…
When the Sandinistas’ first started to rise to power, those opposing begun to engage in violent actions. The United States is backing this opposing group by supplying them with weapons and other necessities for this fight. Currently in Nicaragua, these same anti-communist groups have begun to flee in efforts to escape the rule of the Sadanista’s. It is rumored that the groups are forming what are known as guerilla units. Guerilla warfare is fought in “fast-moving, small-scale actions.” The rebels and their supporters are trudging into southern Honduras. They have made camps there to accommodate the massive evacuation. Less than 2,000 fighters are still in Nicaragua today.…
The United States Central Intelligence Agency armed and trained an anti-Sandinista Guerrilla force based in the neighboring countries of Honduras and Costa Rica called the "Contras." (Corn) These Contras began a…
The gang I decided to do research on was the Mexican Mafia. The gang originated in the California Department of Corrections in the late 1950’s, and is considered to be one of the oldest and most powerful gangs in the entire United States. Gang members can often be identified by having the number thirteen tattooed on their bodies somewhere or by having something resembling the number. The reason behind using the number thirteen is because it marks the 13th letter of the alphabet, the letter M. The gang is well known for the worst crimes that can be committed while in Prison. Those crimes include extortion, drug trafficking, and murder. The largest population of this gang seems to reside in California and Texas while the gang is responsible for…
There are many prison gangs in California. Just to name a few are the Aryan Brotherhood, La Nuestra Familia, and the gang of this essay, The Mexican Mafia. Most prison gang’s such as The Mexican Mafia were formed as a protection from other gangs and eventually became the first prison gang in California. To get to know how this gang became one of the most powerful prison gangs, I will discuss the history of the gang, the gang’s core beliefs and, how to identify gang members by their tattoos and symbols that are associated them with them.…
In the twentieth century the economy developed at a quick rate. In 1929 the 'Colombian Renaissance' happened because of an espresso bonanza made by Brazil (Palacios and Safford, 2002). Viciousness additionally turned into an industry in the republic beginning with espresso inconveniences and prompting progressive guerrillas and the FARC. This prompted lack of respect for the law.…
In colombia there is a large variety of plants and animals to find most of which are in the rainforest.Colombia’s national flower is the orchid cattleya trianae. Some other examples of vegetation that grows here are: coffee plants, cocoa trees, banana trees, and the wax palm. There are hundreds thousands of species of more species plants of plants. (Fun fact: did you that colombia is the second largest exporter of flowers.)…
El Salvador is a small South American country in the northeast bordering Honduras, Belize, and Guatemala. El Salvador is a very mountainous country and its capital is under a volcano. This makes the drug trade very easy for the gangs of El Salvador.…
Outlaw Motorcycle Gangs (OMCGs) is a contemporary issue that engulfs Australian society. What makes prosecution of such gangs so complex is the strong foothold that gangs have in organised crime and the façade that is worn in order to evade the eyes of the law. Various responses have been implemented in order to cease all violence and more importantly disenfranchise organised crime and prosecute those within the illegal syndicates. Legal responses put into act are: task forces and intelligence and lastly, targeting the organisation and membership. The non-legal responses on the other hand are, the media and the formation of political parties.…
A large portion of FARC’s profits now come from drug trafficking; however, they weren’t major drug traffickers when Plan Colombia was first implemented. Peter Dale Scott, a professor at the University of California, Berkeley and author of several books on this topic, noted that the Colombian government estimated in 2001 that paramilitary groups controlled 40% of the cocaine exports; whereas the FARC controlled only 2.5%. The FARC had been more involved in the “taxing” of the drug trade, but they have since significantly increased their role in production by forcing farmers to grow cocaine. Economics and geopolitics are the clear reasons why the U.S. government implemented such a flawed drug policy which targets the FARC while turning a blind eye to the attacks committed by right-wing paramilitary groups.…
Colombia's government and the rebel group FARC reached an agreement May 17, 2014 on ending the illegal drug trade. The deal called for FARC to cooperate with the government in convincing farmers to grow crops other than coca, which is used to make cocaine. The announcement was made Friday in Havana where the two sides have been negotiating an end to a 50-year-old insurgency. Colombia was the world's leading producer of cocaine until Peru recently overtook it in cultivation of coca. The cocaine industry has been the major source of funds for the Marxist rebel group and a cause of crime and instability in the South American country. With the agreement on ending the drug trade, the two sides have resolved three of the six points on their agenda. Previously FARC and the government had reached deals on agrarian reform and political participation.…
Zora Neale Hurston’s Their Eyes Were Watching God, shows the development of an African-American woman living in the 1920s and 1930s as she searches for her true identity. Janie was a half-white, half-black girl growing up in Florida in the early 1930 's, living with her grandmother, struggling to find her place in life. Janie’s transformation throughout the book shows a change through language and the development of Janie’s voice through the different stages of her life. Their Eyes Were Watching God is a narrative about one woman’s quest to free herself from repression and explore her own identity; this is the story of Janie Crawford and her journey for self-knowledge and fulfillment. Hurston’s narrative focuses on the emergence of a female self in a male-dominated world, she tells her magnificent story of romantic love against the background of church and extra church modes of expression. Understanding this fact helps to explain those sections of the narrative that have been said to have no meaning beyond their entertainment value (Hemenway 218).…
Street gangs have been a part of American history for years. According a report from the Immigration Customs Enforcement, MS-13 is the most violent and rapidly spreading gang in the United States. Their major areas of concentration are in 33 states which not limited to: California, Texas, New York, Maryland, and Nebraska to name a few. The origin of the MS-13 can be traced to Los Angeles in the 1980s. Salvadoran families have fled to L.A. to escape from the civil war that was happening in El Salvador. They were already skilled in the use of weapons and combat that came from their environment of war and violence. As a minority group, they were discriminated against within their own society. They banded together for support and protection from…