Color Blindness
Color Blindness:
Explanation Of Disease:
· Color blindness is often the result of a genetic deficiency, but can also result from eye, nerve or brain damage, or exposure to certain chemicals. Being color blind means individuals have an inability to distinguish between some of the colors that others can see differently. Color blindness can be present from birth, or it may develop at a later stage in life. It can also be stationary or progressive. Normal color vision requires the use of specialized receptor cells called cones, which are located in the retina of the eye. Cones are one of the 2 types of photoreceptor cells that are responsible for color vision as well as eye color sensitivity, they function best in relatively bright light. There are three types of cones, L = long wavelengths (reddish) M = middle wavelengths (greenish) S = short wavelengths (bluish), which enable people to see a wide spectrum of colors. An abnormality, or deficiency, of any of the types of cones will result in abnormal color vision, or as we know, color blindness.
· Causes:
· Inherited: when you don 't have a cone cell/ don 't work right. May not see one of 3 basic colors.
· Present At Birth
· Aging
· Eye Problems: such as glaucoma, cataracts, macular degeneration, or diabetic retinopathy
· injury to the eye
· side effects of some medicines
· disease
Frequency In Populations:
· 1/12 men 93% of having normal vision
· 1/200 women 99.5% to have normal
· 5-8% of men & .5% women are born colorblind
Main Types:
· L = long wavelengths (reddish) M = middle wavelengths (greenish) S = short wavelengths (bluish)
· Red-Green = Most common.. More men than women
· blue-yellow and complete absence = other major
· trichomacy = 3 types of cone pigments: L, M, S
· Dichromacy = 2 types of cone pigments. Can be to where it affects daily lives. w/protanope, red, orange, yellow, yellow-green and green shift towards green in hue & appear paler
· Anomalous trichromacy = 3
Explanation Of Disease:
· Color blindness is often the result of a genetic deficiency, but can also result from eye, nerve or brain damage, or exposure to certain chemicals. Being color blind means individuals have an inability to distinguish between some of the colors that others can see differently. Color blindness can be present from birth, or it may develop at a later stage in life. It can also be stationary or progressive. Normal color vision requires the use of specialized receptor cells called cones, which are located in the retina of the eye. Cones are one of the 2 types of photoreceptor cells that are responsible for color vision as well as eye color sensitivity, they function best in relatively bright light. There are three types of cones, L = long wavelengths (reddish) M = middle wavelengths (greenish) S = short wavelengths (bluish), which enable people to see a wide spectrum of colors. An abnormality, or deficiency, of any of the types of cones will result in abnormal color vision, or as we know, color blindness.
· Causes:
· Inherited: when you don 't have a cone cell/ don 't work right. May not see one of 3 basic colors.
· Present At Birth
· Aging
· Eye Problems: such as glaucoma, cataracts, macular degeneration, or diabetic retinopathy
· injury to the eye
· side effects of some medicines
· disease
Frequency In Populations:
· 1/12 men 93% of having normal vision
· 1/200 women 99.5% to have normal
· 5-8% of men & .5% women are born colorblind
Main Types:
· L = long wavelengths (reddish) M = middle wavelengths (greenish) S = short wavelengths (bluish)
· Red-Green = Most common.. More men than women
· blue-yellow and complete absence = other major
· trichomacy = 3 types of cone pigments: L, M, S
· Dichromacy = 2 types of cone pigments. Can be to where it affects daily lives. w/protanope, red, orange, yellow, yellow-green and green shift towards green in hue & appear paler
· Anomalous trichromacy = 3
Bibliography: http://www.webmd.com/eye-health/tc/color-blindness-topic-overview http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/colorblindness.html http://www.webexhibits.org/causesofcolor/2A.html http://www.healthofchildren.com/C/Color-Blindness.html#b http://www.healthdiaries.com/eyes/15-facts-about-color-blindness.html http://www.colblindor.com/2009/01/06/50-facts-about-color-blindness/ http://www.colormax.org/color-blindness-facts.htm