Communist Manifesto
Manifesto of the Communist Party
Karl Marx and Frederick Engels
Manifesto of the Communist Party
By Karl Marx and Fredrick Engels
Written: Late 1847 First Published: February 1848 Translated: From German by Samuel Moore (ed. by Fredrick Engels) in 1888 Offline version: Marx/Engels Internet Archive (marxists.org), 2000 Transcription/markup: Zodiac
Marxists Internet Archive (marxists.org) 2000
Manifesto of the Communist Party
Karl Marx and Frederick Engels
A spectre is haunting Europe -- the spectre of communism. All the powers of old Europe have entered into a holy alliance to exorcise this spectre: Pope and Tsar, Metternich and Guizot, French Radicals and German police-spies. Where is the party in opposition that has not been decried as communistic by its opponents in power? Where is the opposition that has not hurled back the branding reproach of communism, against the more advanced opposition parties, as well as against its reactionary adversaries? Two things result from this fact: I. Communism is already acknowledged by all European powers to be itself a power. II. It is high time that Communists should openly, in the face of the whole world, publish their views, their aims, their tendencies, and meet this nursery tale of the spectre of communism with a manifesto of the party itself. To this end, Communists of various nationalities have assembled in London and sketched the following manifesto, to be published in the English, French, German, Italian, Flemish and Danish languages.
Marxists Internet Archive (marxists.org) 2000
2
Manifesto of the Communist Party
Karl Marx and Frederick Engels
Bourgeois and Proletarians1
The history of all hitherto existing society2 is the history of class struggles. Freeman and slave, patrician and plebeian, lord and serf, guild-master3 and journeyman, in a word, oppressor and oppressed, stood in constant opposition to one another, carried on an uninterrupted, now hidden, now open fight, a fight
Karl Marx and Frederick Engels
Manifesto of the Communist Party
By Karl Marx and Fredrick Engels
Written: Late 1847 First Published: February 1848 Translated: From German by Samuel Moore (ed. by Fredrick Engels) in 1888 Offline version: Marx/Engels Internet Archive (marxists.org), 2000 Transcription/markup: Zodiac
Marxists Internet Archive (marxists.org) 2000
Manifesto of the Communist Party
Karl Marx and Frederick Engels
A spectre is haunting Europe -- the spectre of communism. All the powers of old Europe have entered into a holy alliance to exorcise this spectre: Pope and Tsar, Metternich and Guizot, French Radicals and German police-spies. Where is the party in opposition that has not been decried as communistic by its opponents in power? Where is the opposition that has not hurled back the branding reproach of communism, against the more advanced opposition parties, as well as against its reactionary adversaries? Two things result from this fact: I. Communism is already acknowledged by all European powers to be itself a power. II. It is high time that Communists should openly, in the face of the whole world, publish their views, their aims, their tendencies, and meet this nursery tale of the spectre of communism with a manifesto of the party itself. To this end, Communists of various nationalities have assembled in London and sketched the following manifesto, to be published in the English, French, German, Italian, Flemish and Danish languages.
Marxists Internet Archive (marxists.org) 2000
2
Manifesto of the Communist Party
Karl Marx and Frederick Engels
Bourgeois and Proletarians1
The history of all hitherto existing society2 is the history of class struggles. Freeman and slave, patrician and plebeian, lord and serf, guild-master3 and journeyman, in a word, oppressor and oppressed, stood in constant opposition to one another, carried on an uninterrupted, now hidden, now open fight, a fight