Compare And Contrast Latin American Imperialism

During the history of political theories, imperialism is an ideal that powerful countries or countries that are seeking to expand and maintain the control or influence of other countries which are weaker countries. Imperialism has emerged from ancient times, have existed in the society of slavery (as the Roman imperialism) or later in the feudal society (as Mongol imperialism-Yuan). But imperialism flourished during the boom of capitalism in Europe from the 15th century. During this time, there are some typical European powers such as Britain, France, Spain, Portugal and the United States and Japan, have come to penetrate and set up colonies in Latin America, Africa and Asia In terms of definitions, imperialism is considered human inequality
and territory (M. Parenti, 1992). It included the expansion of the power and the control of a country or nation to another nation. Imperialism focus on the management and control of groups are usually strength, to other ethnic groups. This occurs regularly through various ways of discriminating. In General, this right has the different motives for imperialism, including economic reasons, politics, ideological. In the Empire, Britain and France are the two countries on the typical for the country to pursue. Main post office, will present and specific comparison between two countries: Britain and France.

As mentioned in the opening of "imperialism" and "British imperialism" of early 70s of XIX century British industry was still a world leader. British coal production was 3 times than the United States and Germany. In addition, also from the late 70s of XIX, the British lost the exclusive industrial situation, market-rigging role takes on the world so the United States and Germany have overcome. However, Britain's imperial ambitions can be seen right from the 16th century. In 1599 the British East India Company established and honoring Queen Elizabeth awarded the next year. With the establishment of the commercial stations in India, the British were able to maintain power against other empires such as Portugal, the country has also set up trading stations in India from 1767, the exploitation of the East India Company stemming from political activities has caused the exploitation of local economy and pushed the company to the brink of destruction property (Lloyd, 1996). Until 1670, high exellency has revealed a large imperial ambitions with the colonies in Virginia, Bermudas, Honduras, Antigua, Barbados, Jamaica, and Nova Scotia. For France, in the 16th century, French colonists of America began with the establishment of New France. Next is the establishment of the commercial stations in Asia and Africa in the 19th century and 20th century 17. The French Empire was the second largest in the world behind the British Empire. Before World War II, France controlled the area nearly 1/10 on Earth with 110 million people (James E.Kitchen, 2016).

It can be seen that the colonial policies of Britain and France since the beginning of the Imperial period that was satisfying in a general sense is relentless aggression, expansion, extraction and exploitation of colonies. However, going into each of the specific areas of activity, meticulous in the colonies, each have a private Empire about his behavior.

Politically, the most striking differences are evident in: colony ruled by colonial France is often direct, rigid than the British colonialists. This can be demonstrated by the fact that France's colonial system was always France's command staff, form a nationwide network. Comparing between the two important colonies, and the most typical characteristics of the two Empires, were the greatest colonies, namely British India and French Indochina. In the early years of the twentieth century, the population of India is 325 millions, in Indochina was 15 millions, meaning that the population is more than 21 times the population of the Indochina population. To create the basis of foundation for a large number of local officials, the French had to intervene deeply into the agenda in the French colonial, namely the classified management system. Western historian commented that the 77 percentage of native officials in the apparatus subordinate French officials lower than the rate in the apparatus of British officials in Southeast Asia (David Armitage, 2000).

Furthermore, the British colonies had also held similar rules, but rather the reduction of direct rule as we analyze, compare above. Besides, with the experience and the economic advantage for their permission, the British Empire also created different models of French as the colonial model of colonial Burma (as a province in India) and especially the model of the autonomous territory. Political differences have shown flexibility in Britain deal with colonial affairs. This view is consistent with the characteristics of the sensitivity and mature habits of national trade. Many models exist for the colonies to effectively dividing the unity between the colonial struggles. This is the explanation why in fact do not exist to have a Union of the British colonies against England appear an empire Conference operating relatively efficiently.

Economically, the nature of the economy in the British colonies or France colonies were paralyzed and dependent, is called the "tail" of the national economy.
However, under the colonial domination of the two countries have economic characteristics Empire is quite different the British and French colonies, they still have a number of different basic strokes. France is an empire usury and an attitude to the colonies are always in a state of no development capability, therefore, exploitative mining methods that we apply colonial nature primitive, backward, mainly based on the collection of existing products of the colony and there is little technical investments. With the British Empire, the traditional strengths and commerce to facilitate many countries he has thought out the form behaves for the colonial economy to recovery to profit more and for longer than from the colonies. The most attractive for the colony, which is a target of British pursuit in building the economy of the colony. The experience helped colonial ruler Britain discovered that, if exploited merely as the colony without such investment, the colonial economy increasingly depleted, the State did not obtain more profits, which in itself will be the spearhead of national liberation movements in the colonies to the attention of the colonial produce the first of the UK including India and territories after the mostly-autonomous. The rear of the safety of British colonialism. Differences are shown in the
investment mainly on the French and British colonies. Through the allocation of capital and the overseas possessions of Britain and France, it has been calculated that, investing in the British colonies in 1870 occupies 1/3 of total investment abroad and continued in the 30 years of the XIX century, while in 1913, the new French colony investment accounted for 1/10 investing abroad and almost without the increase between the two world wars (Agnes Murphy, 1948), invest a quite different point particularly between British and French colonists, the French sought to resist the capitalist investment outside France in the colonies, while the British nearly as imposing a restriction on foreign investment in the colony; Of course, he still maintains the highest levels of investment. In 1938, the French capitalists accounted for 95% of European investment in the business and the entire capital invested in State bonds in Indochina. In Malaysia, the British, in 1930, the total capital investment of £ 116,500,000 for the West, including Britain's investment accounted for 70% and up to before the second world war (Agnes Murphy, 1948).

Culturally, big powers always aim to set up and then spread its values to other colonies, especially with its colonies.
The reality was shown in the first language. English and French for the spirit to enter the country's colonial empire, becoming the second most important language besides your mother tongue language, especially popular among the upper classes and the intelligentsia. Language is an easiest tool to spread the culture of the country and the conditions necessary to the colonial people exposed to new cultural elements. Moreover, the British colonies, due to early exploitation and have received scientific-technical investments of Britain, the colonies should also bought part of the achievements of the revolution He now, typical steam engines, rail ... On the other hand, many buildings of the British colony of colonization has really become a factor in the material culture of the colonies in this period. In particular, autonomous territory, with a large number of British people live (in the area go inhabitants), is the acquisition of Colonial is almost full, complete for British culture, from the stylish lifestyle, way of thinking to the level of production, science and cultural knowledge similar braid. That is the condition for the country to have achieved autonomy, at the same time as the adhesive nature of the interests between them and the country, in addition to the intervention of real people, even more powerful than this intervention. For the French colony,
the elements were introduced from the most powerful nations are thinking and knowledge society. As we all know, since the bourgeois revolution in France in 1789, the year the progress of French culture spread throughout Europe and the world with famous formula "freedom, equality, brotherhood. Colonial France had tried to prevent the full exposure to the elements of progress in the colony and used the formula "freedom, equality, brotherhood to fascinating people, serves the mining and extraction. But with France's tool is active and the Union of the peoples of the colonies of France (founded in 1921) in the propaganda, putting books on the progress of colonization, the people of the colonies, especially the West learned the essence of intelligence still learn extensive conditions for cultures France progress. Through the learning process it is colonial, the nature of consciousness. The fact that explains why in the French colony, the bourgeois-democratic ideology of progress, a positive development and struggles of the colonizers usually takes place very fiercely. It is considered as a result of the opposition of the French policy (Jeffry a. Frieden, 1994 and David Armitage, 2000).
To society and power, in terms of the field, we mentioned about the formation of the class. By exploitation of colonies of the British from the start and also invest to develop production, so in the British colonies, the bourgeoisie and the working class indigenous people launched almost simultaneously. Based on getting the positive changes brought by the colonizers, and through participation in the political machinery of international trade and the world, the colonial bourgeoisie is growing, maturing on the economics and the politics of meaning bourgeoisie, especially minorities. the autonomous territories, the process of maturation to occur more quickly by the bourgeoisie are mostly white, which is mostly English, inherited the cultural capital of the West, and the full economic potentials. In the French colonies, later to be exploited by mining method and primitive, backward, without the large investments of capital and technology to the colonial bourgeoisie was born very late economic forces, under which economic and political capabilities are more limited. However due to the oppression of the French, hampered development of bourgeoisie in spirit of early French colonial peoples and should join the leaders of the movement against the French. Meanwhile, according to several labor for initial extraction with less capital, workers in the colonies of France were born earlier than bourgeois, mainly miners and plantation workers (Candice Goucher, Charles LeGuin, and Linda Walton, 1998).

In conclusion, different expressions on some aspects of the colonial policy of the colonial British and French colonies is clear. The difference in this field is the cause, in place of or as a consequence of differences in other areas. After all, they are derived from the specific characteristics of the process of economic development, politics and culture of each Empire. It's set the tone for the variety of colonial imperialism. However, we also need to acknowledge that, the more the differences highlight the nature of imperialism, colonialism that is always looking for ways to exploit, exploitative and colonial oppression became the best.