Preview

Comparing The Baby X Experiment, Smith And Lloyd (1978)

Satisfactory Essays
Open Document
Open Document
176 Words
Grammar
Grammar
Plagiarism
Plagiarism
Writing
Writing
Score
Score
Comparing The Baby X Experiment, Smith And Lloyd (1978)
Study: The Baby X experiment, Smith and Lloyd (1978)
Adults were asked to interact with an infant dressed in an unisex snowsuit. These were randomly distributed as pink or blue and not always in line with the child’s actual sex. It was found that the adults treated the children differently depending on what gender they ‘believed’ the child was by the colour of its clothing. This gives credence to the idea children’s perceived gender is part of its social environment, and may also influence the child’s own perception of gender. How other people treat different sexes may also become a factor in the development of the child’s gender role identity.
So a reason children learn to behave differently is that they are treated differently by their parents
Continue Reading
View Writing Issues

You May Also Find These Documents Helpful

  • Satisfactory Essays

    Rekers and Moray
    • 323 Words
    • 1 Page

    Rekers and Moray

    The independent variable of this study would be the boys and the dependent variable would be have to be investigates; as this would make this study a fair experiment. The method does not say how long it took to do this study; however it does say how many participants there was. The aim supports the results as we have found out in the results boys who do not have a father figure present during childhood are more likely to develop a problem with their gender identity. Though this study does not explain why children brought up in one- parent families, without a strong same-sex role model, do not have any difficulty developing their gender. It also does not explain why two children of the same sex brought up in the same home with the same role models can behave differently. For example, two brothers could be brought up in the same house and have the same group of friends but one could be more masculine in his behaviour than the other.…

    • 323 Words
    • 1 Page
    Satisfactory Essays
    Read More
  • Better Essays

    Rhetorical Analysis on the Article, "Becoming Members of Society"
    • 1154 Words
    • 5 Pages

    Rhetorical Analysis on the Article, "Becoming Members of Society"

    To begin the piece, Devor takes an educational approach by giving us some background on why gender is important and how we learn about gender through our first few years of life. “Gender identities act as cognitive filtering devices guiding people to attend to and learn gender role behaviors appropriate to their statuses.” (Devor 527) As toddlers we learn the differences between female and male. When we begin to determine which gender we are, our attitudes and actions quickly take shape. According to Devor, children by the age of two usually understand that they are members of a gender grouping and can correctly identify other members of society. I was astonished to learn that our brain can process information like that at such a young age. Devor made me think back to my childhood and how I acted as a little kid. One memory stood out to me. A good friend of mine when I was about five or six years old was a girl and we always played with dolls. On a rainy day when Allison and I were playing inside, my good buddy Jack Scherer came over and secretly told me that playing with dolls was for girls. Knowing that he was a boy, I immediately stopped playing with dolls and converted to the “cool” thing to do, play Pokemon. Because of this experience, I quickly came to the conclusion that this statement of Devor’s is true.,…

    • 1154 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Better Essays
    Read More
  • Good Essays

    Penelope Eckert Gender Roles Analysis
    • 445 Words
    • 2 Pages

    Penelope Eckert Gender Roles Analysis

    In the article, Learning to be Gendered by Penelope Eckert and Sally McConnell-Ginet, the effects of upbringing and society on a child’s gender identification are analyzed. Throughout the child’s development, they are often guided by the world around them into gender classifications. Society decides on norms for the child to follow based on their gender, then they would grow up to better match those ideals. This is important because if society pushes us towards these labels, it limited our ability to decide on what we perceive ourselves as without outside forces acting upon us. Some studies on the development of gender identities in children seem to show evidence towards the nurture side of gender. Often parents would speak to their child differently depending on their physical gender (740) or set their playing tendencies around gender specific toys (743). This sort of mentality seems to be heavily ingrained in our societal conventions, even those who attempt to do away with these patterns fail to overcome them.…

    • 445 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
    Read More
  • Good Essays

    Sex: The Invisible Boundaries Of Gender Identity
    • 798 Words
    • 4 Pages

    Sex: The Invisible Boundaries Of Gender Identity

    Parents dress the girls in pink and the boys in blue. Once children are cognitively capable, they themselves begin to contribute to the conformities of gender identity. Every parent hopes and prays that they will have a “normal” child, one that fits into today’s societal standards. This is why there are so many issues and complications that arise when an adolescent begins to push the boundaries of gender identity. There are invisible borders of what is and isn’t accepted by the general public. Gender determines how you dress, how you look, and how you act. However the most disturbing of gender determination is the fact that it controls how you feel, whether you are sensitive and emotional like a girl or tough and aggressive like a boy, you’re feelings are constantly being judged on a scale of appropriateness. Gender conformity is everyday behavior that conforms to norms and expectations that are related to a gender. Gender nonconformity is behaviour that is considered unusual and abnormal for a gender.…

    • 798 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
    Read More
  • Good Essays

    Gender Role Influence
    • 170 Words
    • 1 Page

    Gender Role Influence

    Children get familiar with gender roles through several ways, such as parents' behaviors, school education and media images, and then try to make adaption to those models society desires. Parents play the most influential role when young people developing the ideas about gender. For one things, parents having a plenty of time getting along with kids, children easily accept the silent transforming effect of the interaction, which changes itself into the basic concept viewing gender roles. For instance, even though there are advertisements showing a father makes dinner or looks after children, people tend to think of the picture mothers attending to her kids more naturally. On the other hand, opinions about…

    • 170 Words
    • 1 Page
    Good Essays
    Read More
  • Good Essays

    Describe and evaluate gender schema theory.
    • 670 Words
    • 3 Pages

    Describe and evaluate gender schema theory.

    Martin and Halverson (1981), like Kohlberg, believed that gender development involves acquiring information about one’s own gender. However, Martin and Halverson argued that children start to learn about gender – appropriate behaviour before gender constancy is achieved. They claimed that basic gender identity (gender labelling) is sufficient for a child to identify him/herself as boy/girl and take an interest in what behaviours are appropriate.…

    • 670 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
    Read More
  • Good Essays

    Outline And Evaluate The Behaviourist Approach To The Study
    • 1070 Words
    • 5 Pages

    Outline And Evaluate The Behaviourist Approach To The Study

    Parents tend to treat their own offspring differently, according to their gender, boys are reinforced in different ways to girls, and fathers usually react more negatively than mothers to their son’s feminine top play (Idle et al 1993). Evidence comes from studies such as Smith and Lloyd (1978) who found that first time mothers responded differently to a newly-introduced child depending on whether they believed the child was either male or female, selecting gender appropriate toys and using more/less vocal interaction. However, the study was lab-based, and the validity can be questioned, as it does not tell us how the parents would respond to their own child in a natural setting. Further support comes from Fagot et al (1992) whose natural experiment found that parents who show the clearest patterns of differential reinforcement have children who are quicker at developing strong gender preferences. This study was higher in ecological validity due to the setting, however, it cannot discount the role of culture or…

    • 1070 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Good Essays
    Read More
  • Powerful Essays

    Milk The Mouse Analysis
    • 1121 Words
    • 5 Pages

    Milk The Mouse Analysis

    Gender socialization, or the “patterns of behavior taught to children and adults in order to help them learn to behave as acceptable females or males,” begins strikingly early in life (Disch 1). While society as a whole is responsible for carrying out such socialization, many researchers believe that the strongest influence on gender role development seems to occur within the family setting, with parents passing on, both overtly and covertly, their own beliefs about gender (Witt 1). Because parents have the strongest initial influence and control over the early gender socialization their children undergo, they also have the potential to end the cycle of oppressive gender socialization most children experience from birth onward, and eventually…

    • 1121 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Powerful Essays
    Read More
  • Good Essays

    Gender Stereotypes In Early Adolescence
    • 505 Words
    • 3 Pages

    Gender Stereotypes In Early Adolescence

    Gender stereotypes are widespread around the world. They emphasize the male‘s power and the female’s nurturance. Gender stereotyping changes developmentally; it is present even at 2 years of age but increases considerably in early childhood .In middle and late childhood, children become more flexible in their gender attitudes but gender stereotyping may increase again in early adolescence.…

    • 505 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
    Read More
  • Better Essays

    Gender and the Early Years
    • 1475 Words
    • 6 Pages

    Gender and the Early Years

    From the minute babies are pushed out of a mother’s womb, or even an embryo in the third trimester, gender is a predominate factor in the way they are treated. Whether it’s with gifts (pink for a baby girl and blue for a baby boy,) or hypothesis about what this baby will grow up to be, oh this little one will be a nurse (referring to the delicate, nurturing three-day old female,) emphasis is greatly placed on the gender or sex of the child, creating cultural/gender norms and limitations. Gender rigidity is primarily produced in a child’s first years through advertising in toys or clothing, and forms limitations for gender roles later in life, such as jobs or behavioral mannerisms.…

    • 1475 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Better Essays
    Read More
  • Good Essays

    Social Construction Of Gender
    • 565 Words
    • 3 Pages

    Social Construction Of Gender

    Growing up, my parents followed the stereotypical gender roles for my brother and I. From the moment we were born he was put in blue and I was put in pink. He was “a little ladies man” whereas I was “going to make some man real happy one day.” My parent’s didn’t mean any harm, they didn’t know any better because they were raised the same way; however, this type of thinking is what causes inequality between the genders in society. In Judith Lorber’s article The Social Construction of Gender she states, “Once a child’s gender is evident, others treat those in one gender differently from those in the other, and the children respond to the different treatment by feeling different and behaving differently” (Kirk 65). In simpler terms, since the…

    • 565 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
    Read More
  • Better Essays

    Gender In Childhood
    • 1241 Words
    • 5 Pages

    Gender In Childhood

    Gender identity has become a prominent topic in today’s society as people are becoming more aware of personal identity. Gender awareness is fundamental for self-assessment and predominant in our perception of others. Social pressures also influence gender as they create stereotypes that people are expected to follow. These societal definitions of male and female greatly impact childhood development as they create restrictions and regulatory mechanisms that guide conduct relating to one’s gender and sex throughout the course of life (Bussey and Bandura 1). Societal perceptions of gender play a fundamental role in childhood development; gender conceptions and roles are the product of a network of social influences operating on the basis of a…

    • 1241 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Better Essays
    Read More
  • Good Essays

    Gender Roles In Childhood
    • 797 Words
    • 4 Pages

    Gender Roles In Childhood

    Children in the preschool years tend to base gender on behavior and physical appearance. For example, clothing and hair length are usually indicators to children of the other person's gender. As children vocalize these differences, they are forming their own views on gender role differences. Little boys and girls are careful to make sure their clothing and toy choice are gender specific. A young girl may only wear a certain color associated with femininity, while a boy may insist on wearing his sports hat to indicate his masculinity. This behavior is usually encouraged by peers as well as teachers. Many teachers reward gender stereotypes within the classroom. For example, a teacher may expect boys to be noisier than girls and will therefore be quicker to punish a noisy girl than she will a noisy boy. Through this interaction, the children are learning that girls are to be compliant and quiet, while boys are expected to be aggressive and forceful. The question is that are these two categories like this because of gender roles, a type of self-fulfilling…

    • 797 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
    Read More
  • Good Essays

    Wage Gaps
    • 317 Words
    • 2 Pages

    Wage Gaps

    “From birth until death, gender shapes human feelings, thoughts, and actions. Children quickly learn that their society considers females and males different kinds of people, by about age three, they begin to think of themselves in these terms.” (Macionis, 2014) With just these thoughts in mind from such a young age affect how each people think about females and males, which treat them differently…

    • 317 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
    Read More
  • Best Essays

    Gender Roles and Marriage
    • 3719 Words
    • 15 Pages

    Gender Roles and Marriage

    The development of gender awareness is fundamental for our sense of self and is also predominant in any assessment made of another person as from birth on people respond differently to males and females. Gender identity can be seen as one of the earliest social categories that children learn to apply to both themselves and other people. This is suggested in Schaffer’s (1996) definition where gender identity is the correct labeling of self and others as male or female. There are three main theories that have been explored which all suggest multiple ways in which gender awareness is developed: Bandura, Kohlberg and the Gender Scheme Theory. Firstly, Bandura (1977) notes that the idea that social influences clearly plays a very significant role in the development of gender identity. Socialization makes children aware that there are differences between male and female, and that these sex differences matter. These social pressures also suggest there are specific genders stereotypes that they are expected to conform to. Nevertheless, it can also be seen that biological and cultural changes interact with these social factors, thus defining how an individual eventually develops the gender identity of a man or a woman. An alternative theory, expressed by Kohlberg (1966), suggests that children are not the recipients of any physical information from social experiences and therefore they search for specific regulations which will explain the way in which males and females are expected to behave. In addition, gender tends to be the first thing a parent wishes to find about their child. It can be suggested that from then on the child will be treated depending on the fact that they are male or female. This is shown in research attempting to clarify the development of sex roles including: preferences of toys, personal…

    • 3719 Words
    • 15 Pages
    Best Essays
    Read More

Related Topics