Comparison of the Total Leaf Polyphenol Content and Gallic Acid Content of the 15 Most Speciose Genera in Philippine Flora and Camellia Sinensis
Jordan P. Santos
2010-32197
Comparison of Total Leaf Polyphenols and Gallic Acid
Content of Camellia sinensis and the Fifteen
Most Speciose-Genera in Philippine Flora
Chapter I
Introduction
Background of the Study In 2008, cancer topped the list of disease-causing deaths summing a count of 7.6 million deaths around the globe which is 13% of all recorded mortalities according to the World Health Organization. The complicated nature of the disease itself was responsible for its increasing capability to inflict deaths and therefore cause higher mortality rates worldwide. In the quest to cure cancer, different modalities were developed by oncologists namely surgery, irradiation, chemotherapy, endocrine therapy, gene therapy, and organ transplantation (Bast et al., 2000). However, utilization of these methods of therapeutic approaches did not give a complete response on killing all cancer cells and produced adverse effects on normal healthy cells. Multimodal therapies and precision instruments were developed to further increase efficiency of the treatment yet no method was known to provide a definite and complete cure without side effects. On the late 20th century, polyphenols have come to the industry of healthcare and beauty. Furthermore, various studies on these natural substances proved that they can act as antioxidants and, on the latter years, as potential chemopreventive and ultimately chemotherapeutic agents (Di Domenico et al., 2011). As research and science pondered to know more about polyphenols, these substances were further characterized to smaller groups wherein catechins and gallic acids belong. Catechins are polyphenols found mostly on green tea that act as chemotherapeutic agents as they kill cancer cells in vitro (Brown, 1999). Gallic acid on the other hand is hydrolysable tannin found also on plants that direct mechanisms of cell killing only to cancer cells and not on normal healthy cells (Yong Lua et al., 2010). A plant known to contain
2010-32197
Comparison of Total Leaf Polyphenols and Gallic Acid
Content of Camellia sinensis and the Fifteen
Most Speciose-Genera in Philippine Flora
Chapter I
Introduction
Background of the Study In 2008, cancer topped the list of disease-causing deaths summing a count of 7.6 million deaths around the globe which is 13% of all recorded mortalities according to the World Health Organization. The complicated nature of the disease itself was responsible for its increasing capability to inflict deaths and therefore cause higher mortality rates worldwide. In the quest to cure cancer, different modalities were developed by oncologists namely surgery, irradiation, chemotherapy, endocrine therapy, gene therapy, and organ transplantation (Bast et al., 2000). However, utilization of these methods of therapeutic approaches did not give a complete response on killing all cancer cells and produced adverse effects on normal healthy cells. Multimodal therapies and precision instruments were developed to further increase efficiency of the treatment yet no method was known to provide a definite and complete cure without side effects. On the late 20th century, polyphenols have come to the industry of healthcare and beauty. Furthermore, various studies on these natural substances proved that they can act as antioxidants and, on the latter years, as potential chemopreventive and ultimately chemotherapeutic agents (Di Domenico et al., 2011). As research and science pondered to know more about polyphenols, these substances were further characterized to smaller groups wherein catechins and gallic acids belong. Catechins are polyphenols found mostly on green tea that act as chemotherapeutic agents as they kill cancer cells in vitro (Brown, 1999). Gallic acid on the other hand is hydrolysable tannin found also on plants that direct mechanisms of cell killing only to cancer cells and not on normal healthy cells (Yong Lua et al., 2010). A plant known to contain
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