• It was during the 17th Century that the Heliocentric reached full acceptance. • Johannes Kepler and Galileo Galilei became the driving forces…
The findings of there work led to the belief that the Sun was the center of the Universe (Heliocentric model). Copernicus used mathematics (On the Revolutions of the Celestial Spheres) to form the Heliocentric model of the universe. Galileo used physics (Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems) to support Copernicus’ Heliocentric theory. Kepler mathematics (laws of planetary motion) and his expertise in optics (inventing an improved version of the refracting telescope (Keplerian Telescope) and gave credit to Galileo for his telescopic discoveries) to support the Heliocentric model.…
Anti-Catholics often cite the Galileo case as an example of the Church refusing to abandon outdated or incorrect teachings. People believe that Galileo proved that the Copernican belief was true, unfortunately this was not the case. He could not answer the strongest argument against it, which was made by Aristotle. The question that he could not answer was if the Copernican belief were true, then there would be observable shifts in the star’s positions as the Earth moved in its orbit around the Sun. Unfortunately in Galileo’s time the technology was not advanced enough at the time. The evidence at the time shows that the stars were fixed in their positions relative to the Earth. Despite Galileo not being able to prove the Copernican, he had…
Nicholaus Copernicus was a Catholic Polish scientist who said that the solar system was heliocentric.…
Throughout the Scientific Revolution was a progressive movement that that place in the 16th and 17th century. Scientist and Philosophers would have to reexamine traditionally held values. Nowhere is this best exemplified as is in the reshaping of the European view of the universe. Since the Middle Ages the Catholic Church had followed the Ptolemaic model of the universe, a geocentralized solar system where the Earth is orbited by the various planets in regular, crystalline spheres. The Polish astronomer Nicholas Copernicus, however, presented a system where the sun was the center of the solar system, thereby solving numerous mathematical problems encountered at the time. German astronomer Johannes Kepler further championed Copernicanism by discovering that the path of the planets' orbits is elliptical rather than circular, as was previously thought. English physicist Sir Isaac Newton would later justify this theory by establishing his laws of gravity.…
* Galileo – Published Copernicus’s findings (17th century); added own discoveries concerning laws of gravity and planetary motion; condemned by the Catholic church for his work.…
* Copernicus’s rejection of an earth-centered universe challenged the church because people had always believed that the earth was indeed the center of the universe. The Catholic Church decreed Copernicus’s theory as false.…
His theory was the idea that the earth as just another planet, but that the earth as well as other planets revolved around the sun. This theory destroyed the basic idea of Aristotelian physics. Many religious leaders declared Copernicus theory was false. Copernicus theory was later proven by Johannes Kepler to be correct. Galileo conducted controlled experiments to find out why things actually happened with the ideas of motion. He proved that gravity produced uniform acceleration. He went on to experiment that objects continue to move in motion forever unless stopped by some external force. Galileo after the discovery of the telescope went on to further discover the first four moons of Jupiter providing more evidence to the Copernicus theory. Galileo then started to identify characteristics of the moon. Then he proclaimed that the galaxy was made up of a cluster of stars. It was then a huge turning point to religious and theological…
The Copernican Theory is a theory that was developed by Nicolaus Copernicus that stated that the Sun was positioned near the center of the Universe and that the planets rotated around it. Supporting the Copernican Theory, Galileo wrote a letter to a student that went to the university that he once had taught at, stating that the Copernican theory did not go against the passages in the bible. The letter to the student was made public, and the Catholic church saw it. In 1616, the church demanded that Galileo would not be allowed to “hold, teach or defend the Copernican theory in any matter”. Galileo ended up obeying the church and did not touch or teach about the theory for seven…
Nevertheless, soon after his death, astronomers like Kepner, Galileo, and Isaac Newton disproved this view of the earth at the center once and for all. Galileo Galilei was considered the father of modern science as he made important contributions to physics, astronomy, mathematics and many other scientific areas during the Renaissance Era. Using the telescope, Galileo discovered the mountains on the moon, the spots on the sun, and four moons of Jupiter. His discoveries provided the evidence to support the theory that the earth and other planets revolved around the sun. Supported by the Catholic Church, teaching opposite of this system was declared heresy in 1615.Galileo, however, did not agree.…
Copernicus was a Renaissance astronomer and Mathematician who discovered that the sun was the center of the universe. He differed with the then common belief that it was the earth that was the center of the universe and that the sun and other bodies revolved around it. Little is said about Copernicus' view on multiple galaxies and the solar systems which are part of the universe. This is because he had no concept at all because the solar system and galaxies were small to be seen from the earth's surface using naked eyes (Armitage, 1951). This idea ruffled many scientists who could not agree with Copernicus and so at some point, his…
Galileo was a very smart man. He created and discovered many amazing things, not all of which were accepted by the beliefs of the Roman Catholic Church. He created a telescope that magnified up to 20 times and began studying space in 1609, (“Galileo”). The telescope allowed him to see many things not visible to the human eye, such as the texture of the moon and Jupiter's four moons. Through the study of his findings Galileo discovered that Venus and Mercury revolve around the sun, and that confirmed his belief that the Sun was the center of the Universe.…
He applied mathematics to his experiments and also used a telescope to make astronomical observations. He discovered mountains on the moon, spots on the sun, and also the four moons of Jupiter; observations that contradicted traditional beliefs that the heavens were perfect. {EXT.} In a letter to Galileo, an Italian monk named Giovanni Campioli tells Galileo, “remove the possibility of malignant rumors by repeatedly showing your willingness to defer to the authority of those who have jurisdiction over the human intellect in matters of the interpretation of Scriptures.” (Doc. 6) This document may be biased because Campioli was a monk, a religious figure, and only considered the universe a religious subject and that, therefore, he thought would make him a more reliable source than Galileo. He wrote this letter perhaps to try and withhold his authority over religious persons and suppress Galileo by insinuating it was in everyone’s best interest. [POV] Galileo was eventually brought before the Italian Inquisition for his theories. The traditional religious beliefs obviously affected his work in a similar way as Copernicus as he had to be careful who he talked to for fear of being found out by the church. Both scientists were limited in what they could do because of the fact that they were contradicting what the church…
Galileo Galilei built telescopes and began looking through them at the heavens. He was familiar with the work of Copernicus, and his own studies confirmed the heliocentric (sun-centered) view of the solar system. However, in 1616 he was forbidden from teaching the truth of the Copernican view, though he was allowed to teach it as a hypothesis. In 1632 Galileo published a book called Dialogue on the Two Chief World Systems (i.e., those of Ptolemy and Copernicus). Although the title of the book made it sound as though the two views would be treated as having equal validity, it is clear that Galileo favored the Copernican view. Galileo was forced by the church to recant his beliefs, and his Dialogue was added to the Index. Galileo himself remained under house…
Galileo Galilei (1564-1642) was a believer of Copernicus's heliocentric theory. His discovery of the telescope (1609) allowed him to confirm the theory and his own beliefs. Galileo was first criticized by Friar Lorini. The Friar said that Copernicus's theory violated the scripture. Galileo responded with the Letter to Castelli, hoping it will give back some hope and trust in science. However, it did the opposite, and Lorini, sent a copy of the letter to the Inquisition (1615). On February 1616, Galileo was warned by Cardinal Bellarmine to keep quiet of his ideas or else stronger measures would be taken.…