Coping Mechanism of Stress for Working Students
Stress and Coping Theories
H. W. Krohnea a Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz Germany
Available online 2002.
Abstract
This article first presents two theories representing distinct approaches to the field of stress research: Selye 's theory of `systemic stress ' based in physiology and psychobiology, and the `psychological stress ' model developed by Lazarus. In the second part, the concept of coping is described. Coping theories may be classified according to two independent parameters: trait- oriented versus state-oriented, and microanalytic versus macroanalytic approaches. The multitude of theoretical conceptions is based on the macroanalytic, trait-oriented approach. Examples of this approach that are presented in this article are `repression–sensitization, ' `monitoring- blunting, ' and the `model of coping modes. ' The article closes with a brief outline of future perspectives in stress and coping research.
Article Outline
1. Theories of Stress 1.1. Systemic Stress: Selye 's Theory 1.2. Psychological Stress: The Lazarus Theory 1.3. Resource Theories of Stress: A Bridge between Systemic and Cognitive Viewpoints 2. Coping Theories 2.1. Classification of Approaches 2.2. Macroanalytic, Trait-Oriented Coping Theories 2.2.1. Repression–sensitization. 2.2.2. Monitoring and blunting. 2.2.3. The model of coping modes. 3. Future Perspectives References
For the last five decades the term stress has enjoyed increasing popularity in the behavioral and health sciences. It first was used in physics in order to analyze the problem of how manmade structures must be designed to carry heavy loadsand resist deformation by external focus. In this analysis, stress referred to external pressure or force applied to a structure, while strain denoted the resulting internal distortion of the object (for the term 's history, cf. Hinkle 1974, Mason 1975a, 1975c). In the transition from physics to the behavioral sciences, the
usage of the term stress changed. In
H. W. Krohnea a Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz Germany
Available online 2002.
Abstract
This article first presents two theories representing distinct approaches to the field of stress research: Selye 's theory of `systemic stress ' based in physiology and psychobiology, and the `psychological stress ' model developed by Lazarus. In the second part, the concept of coping is described. Coping theories may be classified according to two independent parameters: trait- oriented versus state-oriented, and microanalytic versus macroanalytic approaches. The multitude of theoretical conceptions is based on the macroanalytic, trait-oriented approach. Examples of this approach that are presented in this article are `repression–sensitization, ' `monitoring- blunting, ' and the `model of coping modes. ' The article closes with a brief outline of future perspectives in stress and coping research.
Article Outline
1. Theories of Stress 1.1. Systemic Stress: Selye 's Theory 1.2. Psychological Stress: The Lazarus Theory 1.3. Resource Theories of Stress: A Bridge between Systemic and Cognitive Viewpoints 2. Coping Theories 2.1. Classification of Approaches 2.2. Macroanalytic, Trait-Oriented Coping Theories 2.2.1. Repression–sensitization. 2.2.2. Monitoring and blunting. 2.2.3. The model of coping modes. 3. Future Perspectives References
For the last five decades the term stress has enjoyed increasing popularity in the behavioral and health sciences. It first was used in physics in order to analyze the problem of how manmade structures must be designed to carry heavy loadsand resist deformation by external focus. In this analysis, stress referred to external pressure or force applied to a structure, while strain denoted the resulting internal distortion of the object (for the term 's history, cf. Hinkle 1974, Mason 1975a, 1975c). In the transition from physics to the behavioral sciences, the
usage of the term stress changed. In
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