That can be explained by labeling theory. I am going to talk about the causes and effects of
Labeling of Comprehensive Social Security Assistance (CSSA) Scheme.
First of all, the Government starts to create labeling the CSSA recipient for reducing their expenditure or other purposes. In 1998, there is a review on CSSA was done by Social
Welfare Department.[1] The review is full of “Having a job is better than none”, “Low wage is better than no wage”,”CSSA should be the last choice” and these kinds of statements against the CSSA recipients. Actually, those negative and misleading messages are continuously spreading to the public by the government by different means from the past to now. Thus, the public have an image that there were many people abusing CSSA, “CSSA feeds the lazy”. As we all know, Hong Kongers believed on selfreliance. When the Government implies that
CSSA feeds the lazy, Hong Kong people would have negative feeling on CSSA recipients as their act was against the beliefs of Hong Kong people–selfreliance. Secondly, the Mass Media had helped the labeling act. The reports done by the media about the CSSA recipients are mostly negative, e.g. abuse of CSSA, crimes of the CSSA recipients, the increasing expenditure of CSSA which claimed because of the abuse of CSSA,
From the attitude of media, we can see that the CSSA recipients were treated as offenders.
The CSSA recipients are considered as lazy and abusing CSSA. Due to the rule created and applied by the society, the action of applying CSSA became a deviant behavior and people labeled the CSSA recipients as