All matter has all four general properties. They are mass, weight, volume, and density. The most important property of matter is mass. Mass is how much stuff, or matter, there is in any given object. Mass is the reason an object has, the second property, weight. When gravity pulls on an object it forms the weight. Weight is the pull of gravity. Everything takes up space. Volume, however, is how much space is being taken up by any given object. Density, the final property, is mass divided by volume.
This brings me to the more specific properties of matter. These are called the physical properties. Color, shape, hardness, and texture are all physical properties. Physical properties, basicly, are characteristics of an object that can be observed without changing it.
Matter exists in four phases. It exists in solids, liquids, gases, and plasmas. You can determine whether an object is a solid or not based on two characteristics. Solids have a definite shape and a definite volume. Solid's particles are so close together that they cant move and that's what keeps a solid a definite shape. Little motion can occur in the particle arrangement. Particles in liquids, however, can move more freely. The particles are close together but are not as tightly packed as solids are. Like solids, liquids have no definite shape, therefore, will take the shape of the container in which it is being held. The liquids will not always fill their container completely. However, liquids do have a definite volume. Gases, another phase of matter, do not have a definite shape or volume. A gas will always fill their container completely because the particles are so spread out. The particles are not arranged in any particular order. So it's easier for the particles in a gas can be pushed closer together or spread