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Cell and molecular biology is a science based on the various systems of a cell resulting to its regulation, maintenance and function. Many of these systems involve genetic information hence the study of the DNA is an essential part of this field. To able to analyze DNA, it must first be isolated and purified from its natural environment filled with biological molecules and compounds that cause physical or chemical interference in an experimental set-up. Several protocols have been established to efficiently extract DNA, one of which, the CTAB method, was performed and studied in this exercise. (De la Parte and Dita, 2014)…
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DNA extraction of the fungi. The sequence will be compared to the sequences obtained by…
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Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid (DNA) is a polynucleotide molecule that encodes the genetic instructions used in the development and functioning of all known living organisms and many viruses. Most DNA molecules are double stranded helices, consisting of two polynucleotide strands made up of simpler molecules known as nucleotides. A nucleotide is made up of an organic nitrogenous base, a deoxyribose sugar and phosphate groups. It is order of these bases which make up the genetic code; a set of rules, by which information is encoded within genetic material.…
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a.1. Extract - Get the DNA out of the cell so we can work with it.…
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Background information: The long thick fibers of DNA store the information for the function of the chemistry of life. DNA is present in every cell of plants and animals. The DNA found can be extracted using common, everyday material. We will use an extraction buffer containing salt, to break up protein chains that bind around the nucleic acids, and dish soap to dissolve the lipid (fat) part of the strawberry cell wall and nuclear membrane. This extraction buffer will help provide us access to the DNA inside the cells.…
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Brandon Schmetterer 3-13-15 Biology labs DNA Extraction Lab DNA is extracted from humans for genetic testing, for body identification, and for analysis of forensic evidence. The first step of DNA extraction is to take cheek cells from the test subject. Next, the cells must be burst open in order to release DNA. Third, DNA is separated from protein and debris. Lastly, the DNA must be isolated.…
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DNA or deoxyribonucleic acid refers to the molecules that carry our genetic information. DNA is the basic building block of out genetic makeup.…
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DNA, shorthanded for Deoxyribonucleic acid is a nucleic acid contains instructions for the development, functionality, and maintenance of new cells. DNA consists as chains of nucleotides, in two antiparallel strands in a double helix, connected by hydrogen bonds between complementary nitrogenous bases. Segments of DNA carrying genetic information are called genes, which mostly code for a specific type of protein. This lab will focus on the gene pGLO.…
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Restriction enzymes are tools in DNA research that can cut DNA into exactly needed pieces. Certain cuts can be rough, while others can be clean. Certain cuts can have an organized pattern to have a staggered cut. Other cuts will leave complementary bases with them. Electrophoresis allows the manipulation of DNA to separate and organize those parts. Electrophoresis is the substrate electric movement of the separation of DNA. Gel Electrophoresis can separate both DNA and RNA. This can also allow the knowledge of the unknown bases of a strand of DNA. This can allow the knowledge of familiar patterns that can create a unique signature. Separation of these molecules…
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Wild Strawberries is a really interesting film. It starts out with the protagonist Dr. Isak Borg. He has a strange dream that is just the beginning of many dreams/journeys that he’ll go through during the film. The film has a lot of religious undertones and can be compared to another of Ingmar Bergman’s films Seventh Seal. They both show tests of morality and dealing with things that have gone on in the main characters lives.…
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Deoxyribonucleic acid, also known as DNA contains genetic information and is found within the chromosome of human cells. After countless hours of research on thethis fairly new phenomenon it was Sir Alec Jeffereys of England who developed a technology that was based solely on DNA in 1985. DNA plays a major role in technology, it is used for identification, and it has been a leading source in identifying biological samples such as saliva, urine, blood, semen and hair. All of these samples have been extremely helpful with government, federal, state and even private agencies…
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Have you ever asked yourself, exactly what is DNA and why is it so important? DNA stands for Deoxyribonucleic Acid and is found in every living thing. We inherit DNA from our parents, half from our mothers and half from our fathers. DNA is made up of sugars, bases, and phosphates and comes in the structure of a double helix which looks like a spiral staircase (Craig Freudenrich, 2007). DNA is found in the genes which are housed in chromosomes. Humans have 46 chromosomes; however, the amount of chromosomes varies from specie to specie. Except in the case of identical twins, DNA is unique…
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The tragic hero in the story "Oedipus the King" is Oedipus himself, and every tragic hero must have a tragic flaw; the tragic flaw for Oedipus was becoming the King when he married his mother. "Wealth, power, [and] craft of statesmanship! Kingly position everywhere admired, " stated by Oedipus, where he is in the high position of the play. Going on with the play, Oedipus discovers that his "parents" (King Polybus and Queen Merope) were not actually his real parents, making him question the King and Queen, who denies everything; Oedipus, of course, does not stop there. The reversal takes place when he hears his destiny by the oracle, leaving him to make the decision to go "to a land where [Oedipus] should never see the evil sung by the oracle,"…
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“DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, is the fundamental building block for an individual 's entire genetic makeup. It is a component of virtually every cell in the human body. Further, a person 's DNA is the same in every cell.…
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Furthermore, the Polymerase Chain Reaction, or PCR, was the breaking point for using DNA in forensic science. PCR is a process that allows extremely small samples of DNA to become useful. This is done by taking a double stranded DNA fragment and making it into two single stranded fragments. These two single stranded fragments are then copied, which creates two double stranded DNA fragments. This procedure is then repeated until there is enough DNA for analysis (2013). “PCR is so powerful that a single hair…
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