Chapter One
1) Determine whether the evaluated group is a population or a sample.
a) Based on a randomly selected group of 500 patients with high cholesterol, it was found that 67% have heart disease. Is this a population or a sample; explain your answer. Population, because it is the study of a number of people for a particular study.
b) An investigation of 150 randomly selected local restaurants concluded that 42% of local restaurants have serious health code violations. Is this a population or a sample; explain your answer. Sample, because it is the study of a much smaller group of people.
2) Determine whether the given value is a statistic or a parameter.
a) A researcher determines that 42.7% of all downtown office buildings have ventilation problems. Is this a statistic or a parameter; explain your answer. Parameter, because it consist of the study of a specific number of population.
b) After taking the first exam, 15 of the students dropped the class. Is this a statistic or a parameter; explain your answer. Statistics, because it is an example of numbers founded by consolidating raw data.
3) Identify the type of sampling used.
a) A tax auditor selects every 1000th income tax return that is received. What type of sample is this and why? This is an example of population parameter because these are the characteristics of the entire populations that correspond to the sample statistics.
b) The name of each contestant is written on a separate card, and the cards are placed in a bag with three names being picked from the bag. What type of sample is this and why? This is a sample statistics because a percentage of income tax return received measures of sample from raw data collected.
4) Is the study experimental or observation and why?
a) A political pollster reports that his candidate has a 10% lead in the polls with 10% undecided. This is an example of observation study because it is the measurement of a specific characteristic