Effect of Teamwork on Employee Performance
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.0 Introduction
In this era of increased competition, leaders recognize the importance of teamwork more than ever before. Teams can expand the outputs of individuals through collaboration. Employees who are working in teams become the standard for the organization (Alie, Beam & Carey, 1998, Journal of Management Education, 707-719.). It is the means of improving man-power utilization and potentially raising performance of the individual. With a support from upper level management, employees work confidently in teams and increase productivity of the organization. In the new business world, managers are assigning more team projects to employees to enable them strengthen their knowledge and develop their skills (Hartenian, 2003, Journal of Team Performance Management, 23-30). Recent study shows that employee working within the team can produce more output as compared to individual (Jones, Richard, Paul, Sloane & Peter, 2007, Journal of Management, 35-37). The purpose or objectives of this study are as to find out the effect of teamwork, esprit de corps (team spirit), team trust, recognition and rewards on employee performance and also to find out the relationship between employee teamwork and employee performance. Various other measures of employee performance are also included in the research study, which are esprit de corps (team spirit), team trust, and recognition & rewards.
2.1 Teamwork and Employee Performance
According to Cohen and Bailey (1999) “an employee team is a collection of individuals who are interdependent in the tasks and who share responsibility for the outcomes”. (Journal of Management, 239-290). Teams enable people to cooperate, enhance individual skills and provide constructive feedback without any conflict between individuals. Teamwork is an important factor for smooth functioning of an organization. Most of the organizational activities become complex due to advancement in technology, therefore teamwork is a
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.0 Introduction
In this era of increased competition, leaders recognize the importance of teamwork more than ever before. Teams can expand the outputs of individuals through collaboration. Employees who are working in teams become the standard for the organization (Alie, Beam & Carey, 1998, Journal of Management Education, 707-719.). It is the means of improving man-power utilization and potentially raising performance of the individual. With a support from upper level management, employees work confidently in teams and increase productivity of the organization. In the new business world, managers are assigning more team projects to employees to enable them strengthen their knowledge and develop their skills (Hartenian, 2003, Journal of Team Performance Management, 23-30). Recent study shows that employee working within the team can produce more output as compared to individual (Jones, Richard, Paul, Sloane & Peter, 2007, Journal of Management, 35-37). The purpose or objectives of this study are as to find out the effect of teamwork, esprit de corps (team spirit), team trust, recognition and rewards on employee performance and also to find out the relationship between employee teamwork and employee performance. Various other measures of employee performance are also included in the research study, which are esprit de corps (team spirit), team trust, and recognition & rewards.
2.1 Teamwork and Employee Performance
According to Cohen and Bailey (1999) “an employee team is a collection of individuals who are interdependent in the tasks and who share responsibility for the outcomes”. (Journal of Management, 239-290). Teams enable people to cooperate, enhance individual skills and provide constructive feedback without any conflict between individuals. Teamwork is an important factor for smooth functioning of an organization. Most of the organizational activities become complex due to advancement in technology, therefore teamwork is a