Embryology
Study Guide for Quiz 1
What is gastrulation? What layers are formed during this process? The process in which a gastrula develops from a blastula by the inward migration of cells. Goes from one layer to three.
Endoderm
Mesoderm
Ectoderm
What is a chimera? a single organism that is composed of two or more different populations of genetically distinct cells that originate from different zygotes involved in sexual reproduction
Understand the types of injuries/assaults an early embryo can withstand and still develop normally. LOTS OF SHIT
Understand what teratogens are and when they are most likely to affect an embryo. What is Thalidomide? An agent or factor that causes malformation of an embryo. Likely to affect during gastrulation. Thalidomide was a drug formally used as a sedative, but in the ‘60’s was found to cause congenital malformation or absence of limbs in children
Where does most of our understanding of human embryology come from? Study of other animals.
How do cells communicate with each other to effect changes in gene expression?
Autocrine
Paracrine
Endocrine
What is a homeotic mutation? What genes are important in controlling body patterning? A mutation that causes tissues to alter their normal differentiation pattern, producing integrated structures but in unusual locations. Hox gene.
Ex. In Drosphila, leg developing where antennae should.
Be familiar with the sterile technique information from your lab notes. You should also know how the dissecting instruments are sterilized and be able to list common ways of contaminating cultures.
Hair falling onto culture
Breathing onto culture
Touching the culture
Sterilized by autoclave
Heat in form of steam
And pressure
Acronyms – know what they stand for. I will not give partial credit on this type of question so be sure to commit these to memory. If an acronym is used in any of the assigned readings (including your lab notes) it is fair game. (IE: HBSS)
Why did the chick’s
What is gastrulation? What layers are formed during this process? The process in which a gastrula develops from a blastula by the inward migration of cells. Goes from one layer to three.
Endoderm
Mesoderm
Ectoderm
What is a chimera? a single organism that is composed of two or more different populations of genetically distinct cells that originate from different zygotes involved in sexual reproduction
Understand the types of injuries/assaults an early embryo can withstand and still develop normally. LOTS OF SHIT
Understand what teratogens are and when they are most likely to affect an embryo. What is Thalidomide? An agent or factor that causes malformation of an embryo. Likely to affect during gastrulation. Thalidomide was a drug formally used as a sedative, but in the ‘60’s was found to cause congenital malformation or absence of limbs in children
Where does most of our understanding of human embryology come from? Study of other animals.
How do cells communicate with each other to effect changes in gene expression?
Autocrine
Paracrine
Endocrine
What is a homeotic mutation? What genes are important in controlling body patterning? A mutation that causes tissues to alter their normal differentiation pattern, producing integrated structures but in unusual locations. Hox gene.
Ex. In Drosphila, leg developing where antennae should.
Be familiar with the sterile technique information from your lab notes. You should also know how the dissecting instruments are sterilized and be able to list common ways of contaminating cultures.
Hair falling onto culture
Breathing onto culture
Touching the culture
Sterilized by autoclave
Heat in form of steam
And pressure
Acronyms – know what they stand for. I will not give partial credit on this type of question so be sure to commit these to memory. If an acronym is used in any of the assigned readings (including your lab notes) it is fair game. (IE: HBSS)
Why did the chick’s