Endocrine System
The Endocrine System
FOCUS: The endocrine system is one of the major regulatory systems in the body, along with the nervous system. However, the endocrine system responds more slowly, and has a longer-lasting, more general effect on the body than the nervous system. Endocrine tissues internally produce hormones which are released into the blood, where they are carried to target tissue and produce a response. Some hormones bind to receptors on the surface of the cell membrane, producing permeability changes or production of a substance inside the cell. Other hormones diffuse into the cell and cause new proteins to be produced. The secretion of hormones is controlled by negative-feedback mechanisms. The major endocrine glands are the pituitary, thyroid, parathyroids, adrenal glands, pancreas, testes, ovaries, thymus, and pineal body.
CONTENT LEARNING ACTIVITY
Chemical Signals
❛❛Chemical signals, or ligands, are molecules released from one location that move to another❜❜ location to produce a response. A.
Match these terms with the correct statement or definition:
Intercellular chemical signals Intracellular chemical signals 1. Produced in one part of a cell, and travel to another part of the same cell and attach to receptors. 2. Released from one cell, carried in the intercellular fluid, and bind to their receptors on other cells.
1
B.
Match these terms with the correct statement or definition:
Autocrine Hormones and neurohormones
Neuromodulators and neurotransmitters Paracrine Pheromones
1. Chemical signals released by cells that have a local effect on the same cell type from which the chemical signals were released. 2. Chemical signals released by cells that have effects on other cell types near the cells from which they are released. 3. Intercellular chemical signals secreted into the circulatory system; carried to organs they control, where they bind to receptors and produce a response. 4. Intercellular chemical signals, secreted
FOCUS: The endocrine system is one of the major regulatory systems in the body, along with the nervous system. However, the endocrine system responds more slowly, and has a longer-lasting, more general effect on the body than the nervous system. Endocrine tissues internally produce hormones which are released into the blood, where they are carried to target tissue and produce a response. Some hormones bind to receptors on the surface of the cell membrane, producing permeability changes or production of a substance inside the cell. Other hormones diffuse into the cell and cause new proteins to be produced. The secretion of hormones is controlled by negative-feedback mechanisms. The major endocrine glands are the pituitary, thyroid, parathyroids, adrenal glands, pancreas, testes, ovaries, thymus, and pineal body.
CONTENT LEARNING ACTIVITY
Chemical Signals
❛❛Chemical signals, or ligands, are molecules released from one location that move to another❜❜ location to produce a response. A.
Match these terms with the correct statement or definition:
Intercellular chemical signals Intracellular chemical signals 1. Produced in one part of a cell, and travel to another part of the same cell and attach to receptors. 2. Released from one cell, carried in the intercellular fluid, and bind to their receptors on other cells.
1
B.
Match these terms with the correct statement or definition:
Autocrine Hormones and neurohormones
Neuromodulators and neurotransmitters Paracrine Pheromones
1. Chemical signals released by cells that have a local effect on the same cell type from which the chemical signals were released. 2. Chemical signals released by cells that have effects on other cell types near the cells from which they are released. 3. Intercellular chemical signals secreted into the circulatory system; carried to organs they control, where they bind to receptors and produce a response. 4. Intercellular chemical signals, secreted