Enzymes and Paper
Infographic Project
Enzymes are organic catalysts produced by living organisms which aid in the progression of specific biochemical reactions without undergoing any permanent chemical changes themselves. They are complex, conjugated proteins necessary and required to sustain life. Today, enzymes are also used world-wide in a variety of different industrial applications such as the production of paper, wine fermentation, and bio-remediation.
One of the most important industrial applications enzymes are used in worldwide is the production of paper. Paper is one of the most important, used and recycled material used worldwide. It is used in many different applications such as crafts, art, printing, etc. Since man first appeared on earth, they sought ways to record their thoughts in some permanent form. They went through stone and bones to brass and copper. Today, humans use paper for a variety of reasons. Without paper, books wouldn’t exist; history wouldn’t have been recorded, and the movement of art and literature wouldn’t have been able to develop at all.
The use of enzymes in the production of paper wasn’t discovered until recently. And since then, the use of enzymes in the pulp and paper industry has grown since 1980.
The process of paper production occurs in five important steps: (1) the creation of pulp, (2) deinking, (3) bleaching, (4) pitch control, and (5) coating.
The raw material, wood, is first acquired from trees. Wood is a natural polymer composed of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. Cellulose is the principle, structural material which makes of the cell walls in plants. Hemicellulose is a polysaccharide in plant cell; and lignin is an organic material which binds all these fibers together. There are two methods used to create pulp from wood: mechanical pulping and chemical pulping.
Mechanical pulping is the process in which all the fibres in the wood are separated mechanically with the input of large amounts of energy.
Enzymes are organic catalysts produced by living organisms which aid in the progression of specific biochemical reactions without undergoing any permanent chemical changes themselves. They are complex, conjugated proteins necessary and required to sustain life. Today, enzymes are also used world-wide in a variety of different industrial applications such as the production of paper, wine fermentation, and bio-remediation.
One of the most important industrial applications enzymes are used in worldwide is the production of paper. Paper is one of the most important, used and recycled material used worldwide. It is used in many different applications such as crafts, art, printing, etc. Since man first appeared on earth, they sought ways to record their thoughts in some permanent form. They went through stone and bones to brass and copper. Today, humans use paper for a variety of reasons. Without paper, books wouldn’t exist; history wouldn’t have been recorded, and the movement of art and literature wouldn’t have been able to develop at all.
The use of enzymes in the production of paper wasn’t discovered until recently. And since then, the use of enzymes in the pulp and paper industry has grown since 1980.
The process of paper production occurs in five important steps: (1) the creation of pulp, (2) deinking, (3) bleaching, (4) pitch control, and (5) coating.
The raw material, wood, is first acquired from trees. Wood is a natural polymer composed of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. Cellulose is the principle, structural material which makes of the cell walls in plants. Hemicellulose is a polysaccharide in plant cell; and lignin is an organic material which binds all these fibers together. There are two methods used to create pulp from wood: mechanical pulping and chemical pulping.
Mechanical pulping is the process in which all the fibres in the wood are separated mechanically with the input of large amounts of energy.
Cited: Amylase. (2013). Encyclopedia Americana. Retrieved February 28, 2013, from Grolier Online http://ea.grolier.com/article?id=0014160-00 Arnon, D Bonner, J. (2013). Cellulase. Encyclopedia Americana. Retrieved February 28, 2013, from Grolier Online http://ea.grolier.com/article?id=0083430-00 hemicellulose Lignin. (2013). Grolier Multimedia Encyclopedia. Retrieved March 1, 2013, from Grolier Online http://gme.grolier.com/article?assetid=0172810-0 Nitz, O Nitz, O. W. (2013). Lignin. Encyclopedia Americana. Retrieved February 28, 2013, from Grolier Online http://ea.grolier.com/article?id=0246680-00 Paper Stephens, L. J. (2013). Enzyme. Encyclopedia Americana. Retrieved February 28, 2013, from Grolier Online http://ea.grolier.com/article?id=0144250-00 Texter, E Wood. (2013). Encyclopedia Americana. Retrieved February 28, 2013, from Grolier Online http://ea.grolier.com/article?id=0422860-00