Preview

enzymes and their importance

Satisfactory Essays
Open Document
Open Document
414 Words
Grammar
Grammar
Plagiarism
Plagiarism
Writing
Writing
Score
Score
enzymes and their importance
Enzymes control the rate of metabolic reactions, they act as biological catalysts, which means they are used but not used up and they also control the speed of the reaction. Enzymes are proteins which means that anything that disrupts this structure such as high temperature or change in pH will affect the enzyme activity.
There are many factors affecting enzyme action for example temperature effects them, if the Increasing the heat gives molecules more kinetic energy so they vibrate this can then make the bonds brake and change the shape of the active site. This then means that the substrate no longer fits so there can be no end product. The PH can also affect the enzyme action as enzymes can only work under the conditions that they are suited to.
Another factor is the concentration substrates because if there are more substrate there is more chance that the substrate and enzyme will find each other to make an enzyme-substrate complex. Inhibition can also affect enzymes, there are two types of inhibitors they are the competitive and non-competitive. A competitive inhibitor has a shape similar to the substrate. This means that they compete for the active site and block it off so that no substrate can fit in to it. A non-competitive inhibitor has its own site which changes the shape of the active site ones the inhibitor changes the active site no substrate can fit in to make an end product.
Some plants make their own organic molecules however other organisms need to eat food. Extracellular digestion is where a plan secretes enzymes into its surrounding area to digest it. Were as in animals enzymes are secreted inside their body to digest most of it its absorbed through the epithelium of the small intestine into the blood and lymphatic system by a variety of mechanisms.
Enzymes are also involved in the regulation of glucose levels and other reactions like this. This is where a substrate will meet with an enzyme and the end product would be for example

You May Also Find These Documents Helpful

  • Better Essays

    • The effect that temperature, pH, time, enzyme concentration, and substrate concentration has on Enzyme Catalysis.…

    • 1132 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Better Essays

    GRT1 Task 4

    • 964 Words
    • 4 Pages

    Enzymes are proteins that act as catalysts during a biochemical process. Catalysts are non-changing enzymes that can increase or decrease activation energy to accelerate or slow down a biochemical reaction without using additional energy.…

    • 964 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Amylase Trials

    • 306 Words
    • 2 Pages

    *There are many environmental factors these may include temperature because if its too cold the enzyme would still work but it would work slowly and if its too hot the enzyme will become denatured. As the temperature increases, the kinetic energy of the molecules increase so they move around more meaning that there are more collisions between the enzymes and substrates molecules and therefore more reactions. pH is a factor because the different types of enzymes work best in different pH environments, a change in pH interferes with the shape of the enzymes active site (where it bonds and reacts with substrates) and therefore does not fit the shape of the substrate as well so the enzyme is unable to work on the substrate. Also changing the concentration of enzyme and substrate concentrations will affect the number of collisions between them and therefore the number of reactions.…

    • 306 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Better Essays

    Bio Chem Task 4

    • 1649 Words
    • 5 Pages

    Enzymes do their work as catalyst by speeding up the process to improve performance. They lessen the activation energy making producing products easier .Enzymes act on specific substances in our bodies. The enzymes will fit into the substance or substrate like a lock and key .Once it is with its certain substrate, it acts like a key and it unlocks the substrate and the substrate can do what it needs to do and then the enzyme will releases from it and is not changed ,then it moves on to another substance.…

    • 1649 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    303 Bio Study Guide

    • 287 Words
    • 2 Pages

    All these factors can disrupt the weak bonds that hold the enzyme in its active conformation.…

    • 287 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Good Essays

    Anabolism is also enzyme regulated but requires energy for taking the simpler broken down components from the catabolism phase and building them into complex molecules such as starch, proteins and lipids…

    • 1649 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Different sequence of amino acid produces different structure of protein, which determines the property of protein, thus each kind of enzymes has its unique active site, which only fits to complementary – shaped substrate to form product. Because of the feature of active site, each kind of enzymes therefore is specific for a particular reaction. However, there are several factors affect the rate of enzyme reactions, they are temperature, pH, concentration of enzyme, concentration of substrate and inhibitors. High temperature and pH affects the structure of enzyme, irreversible denaturation occurs, the shape of active site is changed, enzymes therefore no longer function. The effect of the other factors is slowing down the rate of enzyme reactions, it depends on the concentration of those factors. Since enzymes are catalyst of chemical reactions, they are responsible to the activities of cells, and they determine the function of tissues and organs as well.…

    • 625 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Bio Lab

    • 573 Words
    • 3 Pages

    Conclusion: Enzymes are catalysts that speed up the process of chemical reactions. They are also proteins, and most Enzymatic activities occur within organism. They decrease the activation energy that is needed to start a chemical reaction. The problem was the effect that…

    • 573 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Enzyme Lab Using Jello

    • 1445 Words
    • 6 Pages

    Enzymes are inhibited by a variety of organisms. These organisms are called competitive inhibitors or noncompetitive inhibitors. Competitive inhibitors inhibit enzymes on their active site so that the substrate cannot fit into the active site. Noncompetitive inhibitors bind to a site other than the active site thus changing the shape of the enzyme to the point that it looses affinity for the substrate. (Giuseppe, M 2002 p. 73). Feedback inhibition is a method that controls the metabolic process in the body. (Giuseppe, M, 2002 p. 73). It tells the enzymes when to either produce more or less products.…

    • 1445 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Potato Enzyme Lab

    • 622 Words
    • 3 Pages

    Enzymes are catalysts that speed up chemical reaction but are not themselves consumed or changed by the reaction. The cell’s biological catalysts are proteins. Proteins are made up of one or more polypeptide chains that are folded to make an active site, an area in which a material to be acted on by the enzyme, called the substrate, will fit. The temperature,pH, the concentration of enzyme, and the concentration of substrate all affect the activity of the enzyme and the rate of the reaction.…

    • 622 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Lab Report Form 5 Lab Summary

    • 32334 Words
    • 130 Pages

    Enzymes are specific protein molecules that catalyze a specific chemical reaction (facilitate the chemical reaction without being permanently changed in the process) by binding to a specific molecule called a substrate molecule. For example, amylase is an enzyme (found in your saliva and small intestine) that breaks starch (polysaccharide) molecules down into simple (monosaccharide) sugars like glucose. In this case, the starch molecules are the…

    • 32334 Words
    • 130 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    | * Specificity on substrates:Enzymes are specific in action and react with only one substrate. Due to the shape of the enzymes active site (where reactions occur and products are made)LOCK AND KEY-INDUCED FIT-…

    • 848 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Better Essays

    amylase lab report

    • 1766 Words
    • 8 Pages

    There are many types of enzymes and each has a specific job. Enzymes are particular types of proteins that help to speed up some reactions, such as reactants going to products. One of them is the amylase enzyme. Amylases are found in saliva, and pancreatic secretions of the small intestine. The function of amylase is to break down big molecules of starch into small molecules like glucose; this process is called hydrolysis. Enzymes are very specific; for example, amylase is the only enzyme that will break down starch. It is similar to the theory of the lock and the key. The enzyme is the lock and the key is the substrate; only the correct key could fit into the keyhole of the lock.…

    • 1766 Words
    • 8 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Better Essays

    Enzymes are a protein serving as a catalyst, a chemical agent that changes the rate of the reaction without being consumed by the reaction. Enzymes are proteins made up of long chains of amino acids. These form complex shapes. The enzymes are individuals, like the different players on a ball team, they have different specific structures and jobs. As one ball player may be very tall and one short, the specific different shape of the active site on an enzyme is unique and prepares it to mix with a certain substrate. Without enzymes, the process of metabolism would be hopelessly slow. The reactant an enzyme acts on is referred to the enzyme 's substrate. The enzyme will combine with or to its substrate. While the two are joined, the substrate is converted to its product by catalytic action of the enzyme. There is an active site of the enzyme molecule which is a restricted region that actually attaches to the substrate. Usually the active site is formed by only a few of the enzyme 's amino acids, the rest is just the framework that reinforces the active site. In an enzymatic reaction, the substrate enters the active site then is held in place by weak bonds. Now the enzyme does its work and first changes shape so it can hold onto the substrate. Next the substrate is changed to its product, the product is released and the enzymes active site is ready and waiting for another molecule of substrate.…

    • 1062 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Better Essays

    Anatomy: Enzymes

    • 862 Words
    • 4 Pages

    Enzymes are organic catalysts, usually proteins that speed up metabolic reactions. They lower the amount of energy needed for reactions to progress in cells. In enzymatic activity, the molecules at the beginning are called substrates. Lactose metabolism is when lactose is destroyed, maintained or produced. For instance, being lactose intolerance that’s where lactose is destroyed. Metal cofactors in enzyme activity are required to function properly.…

    • 862 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Better Essays