Etco2 Monitoring Case Study
ETCO2 Monitoring
What is EtCO2
EtCO2 or End Tidal Carbon Dioxide is the partial pressure or the maximal concentration of Carbon Dioxide at the end of an exhaled breath, which is expressed as percentage of CO2 or mmHg. The normal values are 5% to 6% CO2, which is equivalent to 35-45 mmHg. The term ‘capnometry’ is used to refer the measurement and display of concentration of EtCO2. Another term associated with this parameter is ‘capnography’, which refers to the display of a calibrated and a visual waveform that can be examined on a breath-by-breath basis. This is an important parameter in patient monitors because CO2 reflects the Cardiac Output (CO) and pulmonary blood flow as the gas is transported by venous system to the right side of the …show more content…
In this method the sample of gas aspirated by the patient is transported to a sample port which is located in the patient monitor itself for the purpose of establishing the value of EtCO2. The sensor is usually placed in the monitor itself or maybe attached to the monitor. In this method, a water trap mechanism is required for the purpose of cleaning the sample tube. There is a chance of condensation of the humidified sample and gas and secretion from the patients often result in contamination of the sample line. These are some of the disadvantages faced by sidestream mechanism. The picture below depicts sidestream capnography- This picture shows the method of measuring ETCO2 value using sidestream method for an intubated patient. As depicted the picture, the sampling adapter is connected to the patient’s endo-tracheal tube. A small part of gas sample is aspirated to the sensor which is situated near the …show more content…
This is placed on the patients nose’s for mainstream, sidestream and microstream applications.
• Endo-tracheal Tube (Intubated Patients)- This is mainly useful for recording EtCO2 values in case of intubated patients. In this method the endo-tracheal tube is placed in the patient’s trachea and the airway adapter is connected to the other end of the endo-tracheal tube. Depending on the kind of measurement procedure, the sensor is either located on the adapter itself or the gas sample is aspirated to a sensor located away from the adapter.
• CO2 Sensor Cable- This is used to transmit the signals from the airway adapter to the monitor for the purpose of displaying the EtCO2 values.
• Sensor- The purpose of the sensor is used to collect a sample of gas from the patient’s airway and using infrared spectroscopy or mass correlation spectroscopy method to determine the value of EtCO2. Depending on the type of operation, the sensor is either placed on the adapter itself or is located at a distance from the adapter.
What is EtCO2
EtCO2 or End Tidal Carbon Dioxide is the partial pressure or the maximal concentration of Carbon Dioxide at the end of an exhaled breath, which is expressed as percentage of CO2 or mmHg. The normal values are 5% to 6% CO2, which is equivalent to 35-45 mmHg. The term ‘capnometry’ is used to refer the measurement and display of concentration of EtCO2. Another term associated with this parameter is ‘capnography’, which refers to the display of a calibrated and a visual waveform that can be examined on a breath-by-breath basis. This is an important parameter in patient monitors because CO2 reflects the Cardiac Output (CO) and pulmonary blood flow as the gas is transported by venous system to the right side of the …show more content…
In this method the sample of gas aspirated by the patient is transported to a sample port which is located in the patient monitor itself for the purpose of establishing the value of EtCO2. The sensor is usually placed in the monitor itself or maybe attached to the monitor. In this method, a water trap mechanism is required for the purpose of cleaning the sample tube. There is a chance of condensation of the humidified sample and gas and secretion from the patients often result in contamination of the sample line. These are some of the disadvantages faced by sidestream mechanism. The picture below depicts sidestream capnography- This picture shows the method of measuring ETCO2 value using sidestream method for an intubated patient. As depicted the picture, the sampling adapter is connected to the patient’s endo-tracheal tube. A small part of gas sample is aspirated to the sensor which is situated near the …show more content…
This is placed on the patients nose’s for mainstream, sidestream and microstream applications.
• Endo-tracheal Tube (Intubated Patients)- This is mainly useful for recording EtCO2 values in case of intubated patients. In this method the endo-tracheal tube is placed in the patient’s trachea and the airway adapter is connected to the other end of the endo-tracheal tube. Depending on the kind of measurement procedure, the sensor is either located on the adapter itself or the gas sample is aspirated to a sensor located away from the adapter.
• CO2 Sensor Cable- This is used to transmit the signals from the airway adapter to the monitor for the purpose of displaying the EtCO2 values.
• Sensor- The purpose of the sensor is used to collect a sample of gas from the patient’s airway and using infrared spectroscopy or mass correlation spectroscopy method to determine the value of EtCO2. Depending on the type of operation, the sensor is either placed on the adapter itself or is located at a distance from the adapter.