Ethical Theories
INTRODUCTION
The first article ‘hundreds of economists agree Marijuana legalization could save taxpayers $13 billion per year’ by Jonathan Benson underlines a sensible ethical issue which legalizing a plant regarded as drug – though non-narcotic – in other to save and to make more money.
In second article, “Pepsi's 'Next' generation - Less sugar!”, Scott Morefield highlights Pepsi’s procedures of making soft-drink –thereby making money – which harmful for the customers. On one hand, Pepsi gets profits from sales of its soft-drink. On the other hand, Customers give money and trust and get a drink but with unwanted toxins and health costs over their lifetime.
In the body of the essay we review five theories of ethics and their implications in the two articles.
UTILITARIANISM
Though there are many varieties of the view discussed, Utilitarianism is an ethical theory holding that the proper course of action is the one that maximizes the overall "happiness". It is thus a form of consequentialism, meaning that the moral worth of an action is determined only by its resulting outcome, and that one can only weigh the morality of an action after knowing all its consequences. Utilitarianism is one of the most powerful and persuasive approaches to normative ethics in the history of philosophy.
The Classical Utilitarian, Jeremy Bentham and John Stuart Mill, identified the good with pleasure, so, like Epicurus, were hedonists about value. They also held that we ought to maximize the good, that is, bring about ‘the greatest amount of good for the greatest number’. Utilitarianism is generally held to be the view that the morally right action is the action that produces the most good.
According to the article 1, the report written to the president, State Governors, and State Legislators states that legalizing, taxing, and regulating marijuana would do wonders to reduce inflated budgets and generate new revenue streams. On the contrary, legalizing marijuana would not only
The first article ‘hundreds of economists agree Marijuana legalization could save taxpayers $13 billion per year’ by Jonathan Benson underlines a sensible ethical issue which legalizing a plant regarded as drug – though non-narcotic – in other to save and to make more money.
In second article, “Pepsi's 'Next' generation - Less sugar!”, Scott Morefield highlights Pepsi’s procedures of making soft-drink –thereby making money – which harmful for the customers. On one hand, Pepsi gets profits from sales of its soft-drink. On the other hand, Customers give money and trust and get a drink but with unwanted toxins and health costs over their lifetime.
In the body of the essay we review five theories of ethics and their implications in the two articles.
UTILITARIANISM
Though there are many varieties of the view discussed, Utilitarianism is an ethical theory holding that the proper course of action is the one that maximizes the overall "happiness". It is thus a form of consequentialism, meaning that the moral worth of an action is determined only by its resulting outcome, and that one can only weigh the morality of an action after knowing all its consequences. Utilitarianism is one of the most powerful and persuasive approaches to normative ethics in the history of philosophy.
The Classical Utilitarian, Jeremy Bentham and John Stuart Mill, identified the good with pleasure, so, like Epicurus, were hedonists about value. They also held that we ought to maximize the good, that is, bring about ‘the greatest amount of good for the greatest number’. Utilitarianism is generally held to be the view that the morally right action is the action that produces the most good.
According to the article 1, the report written to the president, State Governors, and State Legislators states that legalizing, taxing, and regulating marijuana would do wonders to reduce inflated budgets and generate new revenue streams. On the contrary, legalizing marijuana would not only