Ethiopian Elderly Research Paper
Elderly Care
Changes of norms in Elderly Care
Kayamma Rasheed
Ant:101 Cultural Anthropology
Instructor: Emma Bates
September 30,2013
Introduction:
Elderly care differs from culture to culture. Elders are respected, obeyed and considered a source of wisdom. In American culture , people think to acquire old age is an accomplishment. Elderly care is embraced on different levels in other cultures. A cross-cultural focus allows me to elaborate on the Swedish, Japanese, and Ethiopian cultures pertaining to their elderly care. Elders in Sweden …show more content…
are typically placed in nursing homes and majority are receiving home care ,which is funded by taxation . Whereas in traditional Japanese cultures held a strong sense of family, and they lived by a belief that family should look after family. With this growing problem in the Japanese culture, they had to switch to alternative norms to adequately care for their love ones. Even in eastern cultures such as Ethiopia where the main focus of care is generally focused on the children. (1994) Quantcast , A. The Most Popular Ethiopian Website. Traditional norms have been eliminated due to population growth in Ethiopian societies which poses as a new found problem for the elderly. While elderly care is costly, it should be accessible for all individuals regardless of their income limitations especially in Japan, Sweden, and Ethiopian cultures because it will maintain a suitable life for elderly people, provide stability to those who can 't afford it, and provide proper hygiene and meals regularly.
First, Elderly care should be accessible for all individuals regardless of the income limits especially in Japan, Sweden, and Ethiopian cultures because it will maintain a suitable life for elderly people. To my surprise, I found that not all nations have a program that helps the elderly. The countries that do have programs are the more wealthy countries. In Japan, most family members tend to take on the responsibilities of care for their love ones. Elders are becoming a burden to their families which is less likely contributes to the social spectrum in all cultures. When the elderly get to this stage, affordable care should be provided for them so they won 't have to endure stress. In Ethiopia, the economy expands and urbanization rises, traditional support mechanisms are crumbling. Therefore, care giving for the most disadvantaged people in one of the poorest countries in the world, vulnerable to the impacts of both climate change and global food price fluctuations. Whereas in Japanese cultures more healthcare is provided to the wealthy ; which singles out the disadvantaged making it hard for them to stay healthy and nourished. Although, the primary care that is given is from extended family members due to lack of income and funding which is causing burdens to their love ones. The aging issue requires a long term commitment with enough foresight; policies must be created as soon as possible with consideration for cultural and social conditions specific to each country and each city. However, in Sweden cultures it is not demanded or required that relatives to take care of the elderly. In Swedish cultures most elders have more options to choose from since elderly care is funded through the government(2012)Swedish Institute on www.sweden.se. When an elderly person is no longer able to cope with the demands of everyday life, he or she can apply for assistance from municipally funded home-help services (2012) Swedish Institute on www.sweden.se. Additionally, provide stability to those who can 't afford elderly care. The core principle of sustainable development is that members of one generation should act to conserve resources for future generations. As in many other countries, immigration is a divisive political issue in Sweden. (2012)Sharparo,J.http://www.businessinsider.com/sweden-politics-immigration-and-population-ageing. One challenge for economic policy in the long run is to take advantage of the benefits ensuing from globalization while facilitating adjustment to changed
conditions.
Many elders in Sweden are offered sustainable care through the government which allows them more leisure for them to enjoy life without the burden of not having any care at all. To gain stability for similar issues seems far less obtainable in other cultures especially in Ethiopia. Ethiopian elders have a huge disadvantage against them being more susceptible to endure death due to lack of adequate care for elders. Dependent elderly parents find secure refuge under the care and protection of their children and grand children until their days end. Times are changing, most young people are also selfish, but it has remained a greater challenge for older parents to accept or adjust to the facts of changes. Poverty, changes in family life and the impact of HIV/Aids are now taking their toll of Ethiopia 's elderly. More and more Ethiopians are becoming orphans left alone to fend for themselves without any pensions or relatives to care for them. Pensions are more of a curse, those that receive it are usually victims of being robbed by their own families. The AIDS epidemic has impacted the continent in so many ways limiting basic healthcare to elders to treat more serious conditions. However, the situation in Japan also reflects changing norms that have seen more young adults living away from their aging parents. With this growing issue the elderly is left to depend on government assistance only if they qualify. Maintaining a stability in the Japanese cultures seems to be a growing problem. In earlier years in Japan families were expected to take on the role as caregivers for their love ones. In fact, the number of Japanese who are over 65 years old, living alone and with no one to look after them, numbered more than 4.6 million as of June 2009.(2009)Nakame, J. Perspectives of Elderly Care in Japan. Therefore, with more stable elderly care systems being implemented or innovated in these cultures would allow the elderly a chance of gaining more suitable life in
their last days. Finally, the most important reason elderly care should be more accessible for all individuals regardless of their income limits especially in Japan, Sweden, and Ethiopian cultures so that they will have proper hygiene and daily meals. In Japan, more policies have being put into place to ensure that proper care is provided for those whom are helpless or without family. Food prices rises at an all time high has made these polices more of a challenge. Japan governments are trying to find a balance to ensure that no one is left without proper hygiene or nutrients. Traditionally the Japanese family was the principal source of support for older people, with children looking after their frail parents as a matter of course under the Confucian ethic of filial piety. This was reinforced legally under the Meiji Civil Code of 1898, which stipulated the patriarchal family IE system.(2009)Nakame, J.Perspectives of Elderly Care in Japan) Fully 80 per cent of Japan 's older people still lived with their offspring in extended families, but many became victims of neglect or abuse from family carers too poor or too busy making ends meet. Even though extended families are taking on the role of caregivers they still aren 't being properly cared for lack of food and proper hygiene is obsolete. In Sweden the municipal food distribution (FD) service is a part of the public social and care service in Sweden (Pajalic,Westergren, Skovdahl, & Persson, 2013). The food distribution allows a guaranteed source of food that will be distributed to the elderly. However, before a person can be granted the FD service from any municipality, an assessment of their individual requirements has to be made by a public home care officer.(2009)Nakame, J. Perspectives of Elderly Care in Japan). In other growing crisis Ethiopia has a larger population of elderly people with 55% of people being frail an dependent on family. Food shortages has been on the rise for some time now and, as this population increases, so do the number of poor, homeless, and hungry elderly. The high number of HIV/AIDS related deaths in Ethiopia has orphaned a large number of children. Therefore, grandparents are now raising these young children without proper income to support themselves, let alone their grandchildren. There is no provision for programs of social security or other financial support for the elderly. Many are unable to work due to illness or age. These elderly are unable to care for themselves and their grandchildren (1994) Quantcast , A. (1994) The Most Popular Ethiopian ). As people age, they are faced with the realization and loss of these basic fundamentals of life. It’s a painful process when they must accept the inability to stand alone, loss of their independence or worse. Learning the process of aging is extremely hard for people to accept, especially knowing they will have to depend on others. Even though each culture is different, the Japanese and Ethiopian cultures have some similarities because they rely on extended families to provide care for the elderly in most cases. Typically, Swedish cultures differ because care is provided by government assistance and taxation if the elders qualify for the government assistance. In Ethiopia people are less likely to care for the older people due to thieves stealing their pensions, even their own family members. ). Indeed, elderly care is costly, however, it should be accessible for all individuals regardless of the income limits especially in Japan, Sweden, and Ethiopian cultures. These cultures have endured enough and with more awareness many issues can be resolved .
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Compare & Contrast: The customs between two or more cultures are separated by the differences in the respect for the elderly, what is considered acceptable care and how care is provided. Meanwhile, in Japanese culture they are cared for by their adult children. As Ethiopian population grows, so does the number of elderly people. Traditionally, the extended families have cared for the elderly however, that has slowly changed which is creating problems for the elderly. Therefore, the non profit group (Alten Hilfe Afrika) was created by a Healthcare assistant named Lucy Schnurpfeil,she and her husband trained volunteers to make sure that the elderly received the proper Healthcare the elderly needed. However, most Ethiopians are content with their extended families caring for them. Similarities in the Japanese and Ethiopian cultures where most care that is provided. However, in the Swedish culture they have implemented an act that allows the elderly rights to be able to live suitable lives by providing them with social workers to ensure assistance is provided. However, the care is limited to certain elderly people with qualifying income, which means that care is guaranteed to each individual. The care given is usually done by the women in the house hold but, has become the primary care giver in recent years. During this conquest of research I have discovered that typical customs are not of every culture. With this research I have explored different avenues of how each culture approach elderly care.
References:
(2012) Swedish Institute on www.sweden.se.
Crapo,R.H.(2013) Cultural anthropology San Diego, CA Bridgepoint
(2012) Antonnson H, Korjonen S, Rosengreen, K. First Line Managers ' Experiences of Funding in
Elderly Care in Sweden.
(2009)Nakame, J.Perspectives of Elderly Care in Japan
(1994) Quantcast , A. (1994) The Most Popular Ethiopian Website.
Changes of norms in Elderly Care
Kayamma Rasheed
Ant:101 Cultural Anthropology
Instructor: Emma Bates
September 30,2013
Introduction:
Elderly care differs from culture to culture. Elders are respected, obeyed and considered a source of wisdom. In American culture , people think to acquire old age is an accomplishment. Elderly care is embraced on different levels in other cultures. A cross-cultural focus allows me to elaborate on the Swedish, Japanese, and Ethiopian cultures pertaining to their elderly care. Elders in Sweden …show more content…
are typically placed in nursing homes and majority are receiving home care ,which is funded by taxation . Whereas in traditional Japanese cultures held a strong sense of family, and they lived by a belief that family should look after family. With this growing problem in the Japanese culture, they had to switch to alternative norms to adequately care for their love ones. Even in eastern cultures such as Ethiopia where the main focus of care is generally focused on the children. (1994) Quantcast , A. The Most Popular Ethiopian Website. Traditional norms have been eliminated due to population growth in Ethiopian societies which poses as a new found problem for the elderly. While elderly care is costly, it should be accessible for all individuals regardless of their income limitations especially in Japan, Sweden, and Ethiopian cultures because it will maintain a suitable life for elderly people, provide stability to those who can 't afford it, and provide proper hygiene and meals regularly.
First, Elderly care should be accessible for all individuals regardless of the income limits especially in Japan, Sweden, and Ethiopian cultures because it will maintain a suitable life for elderly people. To my surprise, I found that not all nations have a program that helps the elderly. The countries that do have programs are the more wealthy countries. In Japan, most family members tend to take on the responsibilities of care for their love ones. Elders are becoming a burden to their families which is less likely contributes to the social spectrum in all cultures. When the elderly get to this stage, affordable care should be provided for them so they won 't have to endure stress. In Ethiopia, the economy expands and urbanization rises, traditional support mechanisms are crumbling. Therefore, care giving for the most disadvantaged people in one of the poorest countries in the world, vulnerable to the impacts of both climate change and global food price fluctuations. Whereas in Japanese cultures more healthcare is provided to the wealthy ; which singles out the disadvantaged making it hard for them to stay healthy and nourished. Although, the primary care that is given is from extended family members due to lack of income and funding which is causing burdens to their love ones. The aging issue requires a long term commitment with enough foresight; policies must be created as soon as possible with consideration for cultural and social conditions specific to each country and each city. However, in Sweden cultures it is not demanded or required that relatives to take care of the elderly. In Swedish cultures most elders have more options to choose from since elderly care is funded through the government(2012)Swedish Institute on www.sweden.se. When an elderly person is no longer able to cope with the demands of everyday life, he or she can apply for assistance from municipally funded home-help services (2012) Swedish Institute on www.sweden.se. Additionally, provide stability to those who can 't afford elderly care. The core principle of sustainable development is that members of one generation should act to conserve resources for future generations. As in many other countries, immigration is a divisive political issue in Sweden. (2012)Sharparo,J.http://www.businessinsider.com/sweden-politics-immigration-and-population-ageing. One challenge for economic policy in the long run is to take advantage of the benefits ensuing from globalization while facilitating adjustment to changed
conditions.
Many elders in Sweden are offered sustainable care through the government which allows them more leisure for them to enjoy life without the burden of not having any care at all. To gain stability for similar issues seems far less obtainable in other cultures especially in Ethiopia. Ethiopian elders have a huge disadvantage against them being more susceptible to endure death due to lack of adequate care for elders. Dependent elderly parents find secure refuge under the care and protection of their children and grand children until their days end. Times are changing, most young people are also selfish, but it has remained a greater challenge for older parents to accept or adjust to the facts of changes. Poverty, changes in family life and the impact of HIV/Aids are now taking their toll of Ethiopia 's elderly. More and more Ethiopians are becoming orphans left alone to fend for themselves without any pensions or relatives to care for them. Pensions are more of a curse, those that receive it are usually victims of being robbed by their own families. The AIDS epidemic has impacted the continent in so many ways limiting basic healthcare to elders to treat more serious conditions. However, the situation in Japan also reflects changing norms that have seen more young adults living away from their aging parents. With this growing issue the elderly is left to depend on government assistance only if they qualify. Maintaining a stability in the Japanese cultures seems to be a growing problem. In earlier years in Japan families were expected to take on the role as caregivers for their love ones. In fact, the number of Japanese who are over 65 years old, living alone and with no one to look after them, numbered more than 4.6 million as of June 2009.(2009)Nakame, J. Perspectives of Elderly Care in Japan. Therefore, with more stable elderly care systems being implemented or innovated in these cultures would allow the elderly a chance of gaining more suitable life in
their last days. Finally, the most important reason elderly care should be more accessible for all individuals regardless of their income limits especially in Japan, Sweden, and Ethiopian cultures so that they will have proper hygiene and daily meals. In Japan, more policies have being put into place to ensure that proper care is provided for those whom are helpless or without family. Food prices rises at an all time high has made these polices more of a challenge. Japan governments are trying to find a balance to ensure that no one is left without proper hygiene or nutrients. Traditionally the Japanese family was the principal source of support for older people, with children looking after their frail parents as a matter of course under the Confucian ethic of filial piety. This was reinforced legally under the Meiji Civil Code of 1898, which stipulated the patriarchal family IE system.(2009)Nakame, J.Perspectives of Elderly Care in Japan) Fully 80 per cent of Japan 's older people still lived with their offspring in extended families, but many became victims of neglect or abuse from family carers too poor or too busy making ends meet. Even though extended families are taking on the role of caregivers they still aren 't being properly cared for lack of food and proper hygiene is obsolete. In Sweden the municipal food distribution (FD) service is a part of the public social and care service in Sweden (Pajalic,Westergren, Skovdahl, & Persson, 2013). The food distribution allows a guaranteed source of food that will be distributed to the elderly. However, before a person can be granted the FD service from any municipality, an assessment of their individual requirements has to be made by a public home care officer.(2009)Nakame, J. Perspectives of Elderly Care in Japan). In other growing crisis Ethiopia has a larger population of elderly people with 55% of people being frail an dependent on family. Food shortages has been on the rise for some time now and, as this population increases, so do the number of poor, homeless, and hungry elderly. The high number of HIV/AIDS related deaths in Ethiopia has orphaned a large number of children. Therefore, grandparents are now raising these young children without proper income to support themselves, let alone their grandchildren. There is no provision for programs of social security or other financial support for the elderly. Many are unable to work due to illness or age. These elderly are unable to care for themselves and their grandchildren (1994) Quantcast , A. (1994) The Most Popular Ethiopian ). As people age, they are faced with the realization and loss of these basic fundamentals of life. It’s a painful process when they must accept the inability to stand alone, loss of their independence or worse. Learning the process of aging is extremely hard for people to accept, especially knowing they will have to depend on others. Even though each culture is different, the Japanese and Ethiopian cultures have some similarities because they rely on extended families to provide care for the elderly in most cases. Typically, Swedish cultures differ because care is provided by government assistance and taxation if the elders qualify for the government assistance. In Ethiopia people are less likely to care for the older people due to thieves stealing their pensions, even their own family members. ). Indeed, elderly care is costly, however, it should be accessible for all individuals regardless of the income limits especially in Japan, Sweden, and Ethiopian cultures. These cultures have endured enough and with more awareness many issues can be resolved .
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Scan mom dad.jpg ethnomed.org 876 × 526 - Cultural Relevance in End-of-Life Care — EthnoMed
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Report
Image reported
Done reporting
Compare & Contrast: The customs between two or more cultures are separated by the differences in the respect for the elderly, what is considered acceptable care and how care is provided. Meanwhile, in Japanese culture they are cared for by their adult children. As Ethiopian population grows, so does the number of elderly people. Traditionally, the extended families have cared for the elderly however, that has slowly changed which is creating problems for the elderly. Therefore, the non profit group (Alten Hilfe Afrika) was created by a Healthcare assistant named Lucy Schnurpfeil,she and her husband trained volunteers to make sure that the elderly received the proper Healthcare the elderly needed. However, most Ethiopians are content with their extended families caring for them. Similarities in the Japanese and Ethiopian cultures where most care that is provided. However, in the Swedish culture they have implemented an act that allows the elderly rights to be able to live suitable lives by providing them with social workers to ensure assistance is provided. However, the care is limited to certain elderly people with qualifying income, which means that care is guaranteed to each individual. The care given is usually done by the women in the house hold but, has become the primary care giver in recent years. During this conquest of research I have discovered that typical customs are not of every culture. With this research I have explored different avenues of how each culture approach elderly care.
References:
(2012) Swedish Institute on www.sweden.se.
Crapo,R.H.(2013) Cultural anthropology San Diego, CA Bridgepoint
(2012) Antonnson H, Korjonen S, Rosengreen, K. First Line Managers ' Experiences of Funding in
Elderly Care in Sweden.
(2009)Nakame, J.Perspectives of Elderly Care in Japan
(1994) Quantcast , A. (1994) The Most Popular Ethiopian Website.