In book 9 of The Odyssey, Polyphemus does not partake in the concept of xenia. After Polyphemus had finished milking his animals, he caught a glimpse of Odysseus and his men who in turn asked for “a guest gift, the sort that hosts give strangers” (9.301-302). Odysseus demanded for such a thing to portray a brave leader in the eyes of his men since “the hearts inside [them] shook” when Polyphemus entered his home (9.288). The terse response that Polyphemus received led him to eat two men because he was not expecting such an insolent answer. Odysseus continues to advise Polyphemus to “ respect the gods…[or] Zeus will avenge their rights!” (9.303-305). This does not influence Polyphemus’s idea of xenia because he and his fellow cyclopes do not…
Battered, bruised, and weary from his endeavor through the merciless desert storm, the ragged traveler found his way to a foreign village. He collapsed upon the ground as life - sure enough - was slowly sucked away from his frail, timid body. Upon cue, the native villagers appeared one-by-one and rescued the traveler from the precipice of death and magnanimously clothed and bathed him. Unsparingly, they fed and treated him as royalty. Unconditionally, they asked for nothing in return. Such kindness to guests was a key feature of the ancient Greeks. In order to advance their island-scattered civilization, the ancient Greeks relied heavily on trade and journeys, and in consequence, one of their key beliefs was the concept of hospitality or xenia. As the ancient Greeks tended to embed such beliefs within their literature, Homer, an ancient…
The ancient Greek code of hospitality xenia influenced the epic in various ways. The Phaeacians welcome Odysseus under this code. “’In accordance with our [Phaeacian] custom, let us make the immediate arrangements to escort him [Odysseus]’” (95). They followed with their custom and later saw him back to Ithaca. This influences the end of the epic greatly without the Phaeacians generous interpretation of xenia Odysseus would never have reached home and taken revenge on the suitors. Xenia was shown again when Telemachus welcomed Athene into his when she wore the guise of Mentes he fed her and asked about his father. She told him to go inquire about Odysseus’s fate. He does this and learns of no accounts of his father’s death so he was more apt…
Greek hospitality is a very big subject in the odyssey, it focus on respect and taking in someone even if you don't know them, but accepting them as a guest through the kindness of your heart. These good and bad examples show ways in which hospitality throughout Greece and the odyssey is used. This pretty much sums up the subject for Greek hospitality and how it contributed to the odyssey so as always, have a good…
From the epic poem by Homer, The Odyssey, Odysseus lack heroism presented in his actions. His success is due to the fact, he is able to intelligently apply himself in dire situations. However the majority of feats are unnecessary, as he tends to indulge in these predicaments due to his selfishness and curiosity. For example, at the time of Lotus Eaters, Odysseus sets course to the Lotus Eaters to discover who are natives of the island. His curiosity ended up of 3 of his men getting paralyzed and brainwashed by the Lotus Eaters.…
A centralized idea in Ancient Greek society was the value of Xenia. Xenia was the Greek word for what we know as hospitality. Hospitality played a vital role in the way a person went about life and lived. In Homer’s epic poem the Odyssey, both Odysseus and his son Telemachus’ journey’s include frequent encounters of hospitality. Hospitality signifies the host and guest relationship. Honoring a guest was important to a host because it meant pleasing the Gods and Goddesses, establishing a notable reputation, and creating bonds with families and cities. Good hospitality was displayed with giving lavishing gifts that a guest would return home with and share stories of his stay with that host. Nevertheless,…
The Odyssey, revered to be one of the great works of ancient Greek tradition has a lot to teach us even in the modern world. Odysseus, his son Telemachus and Penelope all have relationships with the gods, some of these relationships seem strange at first but if we take a deeper look into them we can see that there is often an underlying message being taught. I wish to explore these messages and also the archetypal qualities the aforementioned characters possess to answer one question: what does this make us understand what it means to be human?…
Homer wrote one of the greatest and earliest literary works, the Odyssey around the eight-century BCE. The Odyssey provides us with a lens through which we examine Greek society around eight hundred BCE. Prevalent themes including, Greek hospitality, their attitudes towards the afterlife, and their relationship of gods and man are all present in the Odyssey, which are also contemporaneous in ancient Greek life around the eighth century. Ultimately, the Odyssey allows us to learn more about people’s customs and beliefs in archaic Greece.…
The word “archetype” today means a stereotype; a definition of something that comes to us naturally and that is plugged into our consciousness. So where did we get these archetypes from? What society began the main traits that our characters have followed ever since? Our society has followed behind Greek influences since the beginning, probably because Greece is one of the oldest known civilizations to humans. Literature as well, has been followed up to today. Homers’ epic poem, The Odyssey, presents us with a story following what we would call a typical hero, Odysseus, who is on the journey home to Ithaca from the Trojan War. Although it would seem easy and rapid for him to reach Ithaca where his beloved wife and son are waiting for him, he is cursed by the gods Zeus, and especially Poseidon who plague him with obstacles that prevent him from reaching home for ten years. To deal with these obstacles, Odysseus transforms into more than just a war hero, but the ideal hero who uses wisdom and practicality to find his way home. Although the epic poem of a war hero's journey is over 2,500 years old, there is textual evidence that even today we still use the types of characters mentioned in the poem. In the poem it is obvious that…
Have you ever had a remarkably good host? Can you recall what about the host made him or her great? Rather, have you ever had a very bad host? What was wrong with the host, so that you would remember how bad he or she was? In The Odyssey by Homer, hosts are also quite important, debatably more important than they are today. Back in the days of ancient Greece, hosts were expected to be helpful and hospitable and they were expected to serve their guests well, with generosity.…
Hospitality is valued a lot in the greek culture. This can be seen in the book by the actions or words used in the book. These actions or words tell us a description of the greek culture and the importance of hospitality in the greek culture. There are many places in the Odyssey that shows many acts of hospitality. One of these instances where hospitality can be seen in book 5. In book 5 there has been a meeting assembled by the Zeus with other Olympian gods except Poseidon, they gather to talk about Odysseus's fate. They send messages to Calypso through the god of messenger Hermes. Meanwhile Odysseus is with Calypso. Calypso is likes Odysseus very much and tells him that she should just say here with her, but Odysseus turns down the offer because he is concerned with his wife and son. Instead Calypso offers Odysseus hospitality in forms of foods and even transportation to reach back home.. She even builds him a ship to reach home. This…
When Odysseus tells Polyphemus that “Zeus of the Strangers guards all guests” (IX.304), Polyphemus states that he doesn’t fear the Gods implying that he has no care for hospitality or incurring the Gods’ wrath. As a result of Polyphemus breaking the laws of hospitality, it leads to his fate of being blinded by Odysseus and his men. Similarly, these rules apply to the guests as well, for they must treat their hosts with respect and courtesy. Telemachus describes what the suitors are doing in his house as “destroying one man’s goods” (I.433), showing the suitors’ unbefitting conduct as a guest. If one is a guest with etiquette they should not be doing things that harm the host or “destroy” the home of the host except the suitors do not follow these rules. Subsequently, they meet with an ill fate when Odysseus returns home, punishing them all with death for destroying his home. The importance of hospitality to wanderers and strangers apply to everyone regardless of status has been shown through examples of a proper relationship between a host and a guest or the consequences of not showing…
Hospitality is shown as valued in The Odyssey by making Telemachus and Odysseus go from island to island meeting strangers, that take them in no matter who they…
Telemachus’ house is overrun by suitors trying to marry his mother, Penelope, since Odysseus has been gone for years and is presumed dead by almost everybody. The suitors embody what it means to be an awful guests and “feed on another’s goods and go scot-free” (Homer 1.187). They all make fun of their host and have intruded on their space for years on end trying to marry Odysseus’s wife while consuming all of Telemachus’ food and drink. All of the suitors were punished my Odysseus and Telemachus when “Odysseus aimed and shot Antinous square in the throat” (Homer 22.15) which started the blood bath. Odysseus and Telemachus got help from the gods to rid their home of the suitors. Because of their bad behavior they get punished by the gods. This also happened on Odysseus’ journey when he landed on the island of the cyclops and met Polyphemus. When Odysseus asked him to be hospitable towards him and his men, the cyclops replied by saying “you must be a fool, stranger, or come from nowhere,/ telling me to fear the gods or avoid their wrath!” (Homer 9.307-308). Polyphemus, one of the worst hosts in The Odyssey, started eating Odysseus’ shipmates and locked them in his cave when he caught them stealing some of his cheese. Odysseus wanted to kill him then and there but wouldn’t be able to get out of the cave, so he soon came up with the plan to get him and…
In The Odyssey an epic poem by Homer, Odysseus goes on a twenty year voyage which includes the Trojan War when a sea nymph named Kalypso holds Odysseus captive. During this trip Odysseus meets a lot of new people and when he meets these new people they treat him like he is family, this concept is known as hospitality. In this epic poem this theme is constantly shown by some of the main characters and other characters too. Most forms of hospitality are good but at times there is also bad hospitality shown. Both positive and negative examples of hospitality exist in The Odyssey; Homer uses both these examples to suggest that good hospitality shows loyalty and nobility to others while bad hospitality shows that that person does not care about…