Q1. Explain the main reason why the Australian colonials decided to federate in 1901.
A1: There were worries that other nations with stronger military capabilities and larger populations could invade the colonies. The colonies felt that a unified defense force would better safeguard Australia. It took the various colonies 12 years (from 1889 to 1901) to draft and agree on the constitution. The Constitution of Australia was finally approved in 1901, forming the Commonwealth of Australia as a federation. This new government enabled the formation of a unified defense force to shield the country from possible dangers. Thus, on January 1, 1901, Australia officially became a single nation