Karen Plez
Professor: Alan Rogers
History 105
1/27/13
1. Identify two major historical turning points in the period under discussion.
One of the Historical turning points after the civil war was the Freedman’s Bureau 1865-1872 the Bureau of refugee’s freedman this was created by congress in March 1865 to assist for one year in the transition from slavery to freedom in the south. The bureau was given the supervision and management of all abandoned lands and control of all subjects relating to refugees and freedmen. Rules and regulations were presented by the head of the Bureau and approved by the President. The first commissioner was General O.O. Howard, a Civil war hero sympathetic to blacks his responsibilities included introducing a system of free labor, overseeing some 3,000 schools for freed persons, settling disputes and enforcing contracts between the usually white landowners and their black labor force, and …show more content…
Of the three the 14th is the most complicated and the one that has had the more unforeseen effects. Its broad goal was to ensure that the civil rights act passed in 1866 would remain valid ensuring that “all persons born in the United States were citizens and were to be given “full and equal benefits of the laws. The four principles: (1) state and federal citizenship for all persons regardless of race both born or naturalized in the United States and reaffirmed. (2) No state would be allowed to abridge the “privileges and immunities “of citizens. (3) No person was allowed to be deprived of life, liberty, or property without “due process of law. (4) No person could be denied “equal protection of the laws. None of these laws protected the voting rights of African