Gemeinschaft Vs Gesellschaft Communities
Gemeinschaft vs Gesellschaft Communities
Name
Class
Instructor
Date
Abstract
Gemeinschaft youths would like to be able to do the things that Gesellschaft youths are able to do. The purpose is to study what leadership style would work best in settling the unrest of the Gemeinschaft youths. By reviewing different theories of leadership styles, we can harvest that all the leadership theories will work by educating them.
Gemeinschaft vs Gesellschaft Communities
How would we settle the tempestuousness of the teens in the Gemeinschaft Communities who wish to do the things that the teens in the Gesellschaft Communities are doing by using a leadership style? First of all, we need to understand the difference between Gemeinschaft and …show more content…
Gesellschaft communities.
The terms Gemeinschaft (community) and Gesellschaft (society) were derived from a famous sociologist, Tonnies, Ferdinand (1855-1936). Modernization is destroying the close knit communities that are considered Gemeinschaft and making them more like a Gesellschaft community (Donovan, 1996, p. 4).
Gemeinschaft society is a community that is tightly knitted together. They survive on their own resources and are opposed to relying on any type of modernization for help. It is a community that relies completely on each other for survival and support, as a result not needing to rely on the government. By living in their own structure, they are able to control all aspects of life such as religion; schools; medical; and food. Having their own regulated rules, there is no need for police or jails. They do not use technology but rely on the earth for their everyday needs. Ralph Segalman (1976) implied that it is an established community that allows everyone to share the same beliefs and assets, regardless of their abilities and strengths as long as they follow the rules of the community. There were some allowances made for a few of them that may be a little boisterous. It is a community that stays focused and helps each other out no matter how big or small the problem may be. There is no ridicule or judgment as everyone is treated the same and wears the same type of clothing (Affirmative Action, Delivered Equality and the Concept of Community, p. 7).
Gesellschaft is comparingly the same but on a different spectrum. Gesellschaft is considered a community but on a larger level. In this large community, there are many types of religion, different schools, beliefs and nationalities. The Gesellschaft community is more modernized, relying on technology and modernization to survive. Along with the many different personalities and ethnics, also bring many more conflicts therefore increasing the crime rate. According to Ben Singer (1996), Gesellschaft derived from Gemeinschaft as urban life gave way to modernization. Folks were more interested in gaining their own profits removing themselves from the uncompetitive society. As modernization progressed so did the competition between people. Everyone was out for themselves, not caring what obstacles they had to jump over or who they hurt in the process to get ahead (Serial Melodrama, p. 78).
Both communities are governed by leaders. Leadership occurs at all levels and helps in the aide of organization, Next we have to understand leadership theories and styles. Leadership is influencing others to follow. Some of the traits of a leader are drive, motivation, honesty and integrity, self-confidence, cognitive ability, business knowledge. It does not matter what skills or traits a leader may have because they still carry out their leadership in a type of style (Cliff Notes, p.1). These styles are: Authoritarian Leader who is a person who likes to give orders; Democratic Leader leads by trying to get a consensus; Expressive Leader is a person who tries to reduce conflict by creating harmony; Instrumental Leader is an individual who tries to keep a group focused on a goal; and lastly, Laissez-faire Leader which is an individual who is highly permissive (Henslin, p.169). By using a hypothesis in leadership theory, we can try to assist the unrest between the Gemeinschaft and Gesellschaft communities.
As the idea that urbanization destroys community has deep roots in sociology.
Tonnies viewed small towns as the model for Gemeinschaft. In a Gemeinschaft, each person is embedded in a close-knit network of relatives and friends. Members of the community have a common ancestry and common values, aspirations, and traditions, as well as many common roles. Shared histories, common activities, and frequent face-to-face relations help to create strong social and emotional bonds. In a Gemeinschaft community, people tend to remain what they were born to be. Most individuals live and die in the same small area. As a result, people think of their identity in terms of their place within the community. Tonnies concept of Gemeinschaft and Gesellschaft, is considered as one of the “discipline 's most enduring and fruitful concepts for studying social change" (Bender, 17 as cited in …show more content…
Christenson). Urban, industrial society, according to Tonnies, is dramatically different. It is a Gesellschaft because people are linked together through formal organizations and markets, rather than informal relations and a sense of belonging. Big cities represent Gesellschaft. Their dense populations guarantee that many of the people who encounter each other in the course of a typical day will be strangers and their interactions will be impersonal. Relationships tend to be superficial, even with neighbors. These neighbors come from different backgrounds, so they do not necessarily share ancestry, values or attitudes. Nor are they likely to have the same work roles, since work in urban society is highly specialized. These differences can create social distance (Ubell, 1973).
The different family ties lead to a peaceful modern society which is respectful of its inhabitants. Linking of basic ties is important so that there is a sense of belongingness to a nation through shred ties of cooperation and strength. The modernity of society today have brought along new belief systems as well as rapid changes which have denied a sense of nationhood but focuses mainly on individual goals. The Gemeinschaft society achieves pure relationships because of their common culture and heritage. The leader in both communities must be fair and in cases when there is money being questioned, the leader comes up with a balance program between being firm and being gentle with these people. Directing assertive behaviors in a direction of realistic goals formulated by the community is the first step. The aim is to shift the youth of the community from a wish for immediate magical transformation to instrumental behaviors. The youth of the Gemeinschaft society must be helped to gain control over his or her life space as a means to achieving genuine power. Addictive persons tend to resist working toward long-term goals which involve postponement of gratification and the exercise of self-discipline. It may be necessary to set short-term, easily achievable goals at first. There must be a need to teach clients to give themselves “strokes” when they achieve small successes. They will tend to look to the counselor for approval and he may be tempted to oblige (Ubell, 1973).
Another issue which often emerges in counseling youth of the Gesellschaft community is that of achieving intimacy.
Helping male clients to establish non-exploitative relationships with women with whom they have tended to fear will sometimes emerge as important aspect of counseling. For perfectionist female clients, the problem is that they tend to keep a distance out of fear that self-revelation may lead to criticism and rejection. Counseling will seek to help young males to depolarize their views of women, and young women to be more open and assertive with respect to their feelings. Consciousness-raising and assertiveness training will be important aspects of the counseling in solving the problem (Ubell, 1973). Resolution of personal feelings of inadequacy will remove the need to alter reality with a “fix.” Nevertheless, the physiological response of some individuals to drugs, once habituated is so compelling that counseling of the family alone is insufficient (Ubell, 1973). In removing the family, some communities like the monasteries emphasize ideology based on love (Hillery Jr. G,
1984).
Recognition of the prevalence and seriousness of issues among individuals in both communities and its relationship to violent reactions present a great challenge to society. The social inequalities endured by the youths handed down from generation to generation need to be looked into by the government. The youths with low self-esteem are more likely to drop out from school and eventually indulge in violent behaviors and drug abuse than those who are well motivated to stay in school and recognize a bright future ahead. Striving for a better solution to the problems of leaving school will resolve the problems of students who resort to gangs and drug selling. The best effort will be the education of these youth so that they are aware from the start about their transformation and their contribution to society in general. Thus, it is important that the there will be programs to strengthen family structure in both kinds of communities so that it creates a positive environment for the educational motivation and support for their children, Parents who generate a sense of security in the family will help resolve the social insecurities, which will help these youths handle conflicts and frustrations that will keep them away from violent behaviors. Indeed, behind all these issues, one can say that the purest form of Gesellschaft would be a fully rationalized factory. Tonnies are able to use these ideal models of any actual societies (Hart, 1996).
In theory, all leadership styles will help settle the unrest of Geimenschaft youths by educating them. Depending on the nature of the problem will depend on what type of leadership style should be used.
References
Christenson, J. (1984). Gemeinschaft and Gesellschaft: Testing the Spatial and Communal Hypotheses. Journal Title: Social Forces. Volume: 63. 160.
CliffsNotes.com. Leadership Defined. 11 Mar 2009 http://www.cliffsnotes.com/WileyCDA/CliffsReviewTopic/topicArticleId-8944,articleId-8913.html
Donovan, M. (Wntr 1996). The New Individualism: Personal Change to Transform Society.
The Midwest Quarterly, 37, n2. p.231(2). Retrieved March 08, 2009, from Expanded Academic ASAP via Gale:
Hart, J.Dream Weaver. ( March 25, 1996). National Review, Vol. 48,
Henslin, J. M., 2008. Sociology, a Down to Earth Approach. 9th edition.
Hillery Jr. G, (1984). Gemeinschaft Verstehen: a Theory of the Middle Range. Journal. Social Forces. Volume: 63. 2. Publication Year: 1984. 307. http://find.galegroup.com/itx/start.do?prodId=EAIM Segalman,R. (1976). Affirmative Action, Delivered Equality and the Concept of Community http://eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/custom/portlets/recordDetails/detailmini.jsp?_nfpb=true&_&ERICExtSearch_SearchValue_0=ED142622&ERICExtSearch_SearchType_0=no&accno=ED142622 Singer, B. (Spring 1996). Serial melodrama and narrative Gesellschaft. Velvet Light Trap, p.72(9). Retrieved February 27, 2009, from Expanded Academic ASAP via Gale: http://find.galegroup.com/itx/start.do?prodId=EAIM
Ubell, Earl. “How to Save your Life” Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, Inc. New York. 1973.
Name
Class
Instructor
Date
Abstract
Gemeinschaft youths would like to be able to do the things that Gesellschaft youths are able to do. The purpose is to study what leadership style would work best in settling the unrest of the Gemeinschaft youths. By reviewing different theories of leadership styles, we can harvest that all the leadership theories will work by educating them.
Gemeinschaft vs Gesellschaft Communities
How would we settle the tempestuousness of the teens in the Gemeinschaft Communities who wish to do the things that the teens in the Gesellschaft Communities are doing by using a leadership style? First of all, we need to understand the difference between Gemeinschaft and …show more content…
Gesellschaft communities.
The terms Gemeinschaft (community) and Gesellschaft (society) were derived from a famous sociologist, Tonnies, Ferdinand (1855-1936). Modernization is destroying the close knit communities that are considered Gemeinschaft and making them more like a Gesellschaft community (Donovan, 1996, p. 4).
Gemeinschaft society is a community that is tightly knitted together. They survive on their own resources and are opposed to relying on any type of modernization for help. It is a community that relies completely on each other for survival and support, as a result not needing to rely on the government. By living in their own structure, they are able to control all aspects of life such as religion; schools; medical; and food. Having their own regulated rules, there is no need for police or jails. They do not use technology but rely on the earth for their everyday needs. Ralph Segalman (1976) implied that it is an established community that allows everyone to share the same beliefs and assets, regardless of their abilities and strengths as long as they follow the rules of the community. There were some allowances made for a few of them that may be a little boisterous. It is a community that stays focused and helps each other out no matter how big or small the problem may be. There is no ridicule or judgment as everyone is treated the same and wears the same type of clothing (Affirmative Action, Delivered Equality and the Concept of Community, p. 7).
Gesellschaft is comparingly the same but on a different spectrum. Gesellschaft is considered a community but on a larger level. In this large community, there are many types of religion, different schools, beliefs and nationalities. The Gesellschaft community is more modernized, relying on technology and modernization to survive. Along with the many different personalities and ethnics, also bring many more conflicts therefore increasing the crime rate. According to Ben Singer (1996), Gesellschaft derived from Gemeinschaft as urban life gave way to modernization. Folks were more interested in gaining their own profits removing themselves from the uncompetitive society. As modernization progressed so did the competition between people. Everyone was out for themselves, not caring what obstacles they had to jump over or who they hurt in the process to get ahead (Serial Melodrama, p. 78).
Both communities are governed by leaders. Leadership occurs at all levels and helps in the aide of organization, Next we have to understand leadership theories and styles. Leadership is influencing others to follow. Some of the traits of a leader are drive, motivation, honesty and integrity, self-confidence, cognitive ability, business knowledge. It does not matter what skills or traits a leader may have because they still carry out their leadership in a type of style (Cliff Notes, p.1). These styles are: Authoritarian Leader who is a person who likes to give orders; Democratic Leader leads by trying to get a consensus; Expressive Leader is a person who tries to reduce conflict by creating harmony; Instrumental Leader is an individual who tries to keep a group focused on a goal; and lastly, Laissez-faire Leader which is an individual who is highly permissive (Henslin, p.169). By using a hypothesis in leadership theory, we can try to assist the unrest between the Gemeinschaft and Gesellschaft communities.
As the idea that urbanization destroys community has deep roots in sociology.
Tonnies viewed small towns as the model for Gemeinschaft. In a Gemeinschaft, each person is embedded in a close-knit network of relatives and friends. Members of the community have a common ancestry and common values, aspirations, and traditions, as well as many common roles. Shared histories, common activities, and frequent face-to-face relations help to create strong social and emotional bonds. In a Gemeinschaft community, people tend to remain what they were born to be. Most individuals live and die in the same small area. As a result, people think of their identity in terms of their place within the community. Tonnies concept of Gemeinschaft and Gesellschaft, is considered as one of the “discipline 's most enduring and fruitful concepts for studying social change" (Bender, 17 as cited in …show more content…
Christenson). Urban, industrial society, according to Tonnies, is dramatically different. It is a Gesellschaft because people are linked together through formal organizations and markets, rather than informal relations and a sense of belonging. Big cities represent Gesellschaft. Their dense populations guarantee that many of the people who encounter each other in the course of a typical day will be strangers and their interactions will be impersonal. Relationships tend to be superficial, even with neighbors. These neighbors come from different backgrounds, so they do not necessarily share ancestry, values or attitudes. Nor are they likely to have the same work roles, since work in urban society is highly specialized. These differences can create social distance (Ubell, 1973).
The different family ties lead to a peaceful modern society which is respectful of its inhabitants. Linking of basic ties is important so that there is a sense of belongingness to a nation through shred ties of cooperation and strength. The modernity of society today have brought along new belief systems as well as rapid changes which have denied a sense of nationhood but focuses mainly on individual goals. The Gemeinschaft society achieves pure relationships because of their common culture and heritage. The leader in both communities must be fair and in cases when there is money being questioned, the leader comes up with a balance program between being firm and being gentle with these people. Directing assertive behaviors in a direction of realistic goals formulated by the community is the first step. The aim is to shift the youth of the community from a wish for immediate magical transformation to instrumental behaviors. The youth of the Gemeinschaft society must be helped to gain control over his or her life space as a means to achieving genuine power. Addictive persons tend to resist working toward long-term goals which involve postponement of gratification and the exercise of self-discipline. It may be necessary to set short-term, easily achievable goals at first. There must be a need to teach clients to give themselves “strokes” when they achieve small successes. They will tend to look to the counselor for approval and he may be tempted to oblige (Ubell, 1973).
Another issue which often emerges in counseling youth of the Gesellschaft community is that of achieving intimacy.
Helping male clients to establish non-exploitative relationships with women with whom they have tended to fear will sometimes emerge as important aspect of counseling. For perfectionist female clients, the problem is that they tend to keep a distance out of fear that self-revelation may lead to criticism and rejection. Counseling will seek to help young males to depolarize their views of women, and young women to be more open and assertive with respect to their feelings. Consciousness-raising and assertiveness training will be important aspects of the counseling in solving the problem (Ubell, 1973). Resolution of personal feelings of inadequacy will remove the need to alter reality with a “fix.” Nevertheless, the physiological response of some individuals to drugs, once habituated is so compelling that counseling of the family alone is insufficient (Ubell, 1973). In removing the family, some communities like the monasteries emphasize ideology based on love (Hillery Jr. G,
1984).
Recognition of the prevalence and seriousness of issues among individuals in both communities and its relationship to violent reactions present a great challenge to society. The social inequalities endured by the youths handed down from generation to generation need to be looked into by the government. The youths with low self-esteem are more likely to drop out from school and eventually indulge in violent behaviors and drug abuse than those who are well motivated to stay in school and recognize a bright future ahead. Striving for a better solution to the problems of leaving school will resolve the problems of students who resort to gangs and drug selling. The best effort will be the education of these youth so that they are aware from the start about their transformation and their contribution to society in general. Thus, it is important that the there will be programs to strengthen family structure in both kinds of communities so that it creates a positive environment for the educational motivation and support for their children, Parents who generate a sense of security in the family will help resolve the social insecurities, which will help these youths handle conflicts and frustrations that will keep them away from violent behaviors. Indeed, behind all these issues, one can say that the purest form of Gesellschaft would be a fully rationalized factory. Tonnies are able to use these ideal models of any actual societies (Hart, 1996).
In theory, all leadership styles will help settle the unrest of Geimenschaft youths by educating them. Depending on the nature of the problem will depend on what type of leadership style should be used.
References
Christenson, J. (1984). Gemeinschaft and Gesellschaft: Testing the Spatial and Communal Hypotheses. Journal Title: Social Forces. Volume: 63. 160.
CliffsNotes.com. Leadership Defined. 11 Mar 2009 http://www.cliffsnotes.com/WileyCDA/CliffsReviewTopic/topicArticleId-8944,articleId-8913.html
Donovan, M. (Wntr 1996). The New Individualism: Personal Change to Transform Society.
The Midwest Quarterly, 37, n2. p.231(2). Retrieved March 08, 2009, from Expanded Academic ASAP via Gale:
Hart, J.Dream Weaver. ( March 25, 1996). National Review, Vol. 48,
Henslin, J. M., 2008. Sociology, a Down to Earth Approach. 9th edition.
Hillery Jr. G, (1984). Gemeinschaft Verstehen: a Theory of the Middle Range. Journal. Social Forces. Volume: 63. 2. Publication Year: 1984. 307. http://find.galegroup.com/itx/start.do?prodId=EAIM Segalman,R. (1976). Affirmative Action, Delivered Equality and the Concept of Community http://eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/custom/portlets/recordDetails/detailmini.jsp?_nfpb=true&_&ERICExtSearch_SearchValue_0=ED142622&ERICExtSearch_SearchType_0=no&accno=ED142622 Singer, B. (Spring 1996). Serial melodrama and narrative Gesellschaft. Velvet Light Trap, p.72(9). Retrieved February 27, 2009, from Expanded Academic ASAP via Gale: http://find.galegroup.com/itx/start.do?prodId=EAIM
Ubell, Earl. “How to Save your Life” Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, Inc. New York. 1973.