Grade 9 Geography Exam Review
Geography Exam Review
Grade 9
1) Unit 1- Introduction to Geography a) What is Geography? * Geography is the study of the Earth’s physical and human systems/features and the relationships among them. * Physical Features: rivers, mountains, etc. * Human Features: buildings, cities, etc.
b) The Five Themes of Geography * Location (Absolute and Relative) * Absolute and relative locations are 2 ways of describing the positions of the Earth’s physical and cultural features. * Ex: Mogadishu, Somalia, is at 2 degrees north latitude, 45 degrees east longitude.
* Place (Physical and Human Characteristics) * All places on Earth have special features that distinguish them from other places. * Ex: Lake Baikal is 25 million years old, more than one mile wide, and contains 1/5 of the Earth’s fresh water.
* Human-Environment Interactions (Relationships Within Places) * People interact with their environment and change them in different ways. * Ex: 90% of America’s garbage is buried in landfill sites, the cheapest option to waste disposal.
* Movement (Mobility of People, Goods, and Ideas) * How things move from one place to another (information, objects, people) * Ex: AIDS is believed to have started in equatorial Africa. It has been transmitted to other parts of the world via tourists, immigrants, and military personnel.
* Regions (How They Form and Change) * Regions are areas on the surface of the Earth that are defined by certain unifying characteristics. * Ex: Mexico and Germany are subdivided into states; Canada and France call their subdivisions provinces.
c) Mapping * What is a Map? * A map is a representation of the Earth’s features drawn on a flat surface.
* Types of Maps * General Purpose Map * Provides many types of information on one map. * Ex: Water, roads, railways, lines, parks.
* Thematic Maps * Shows specific information
Grade 9
1) Unit 1- Introduction to Geography a) What is Geography? * Geography is the study of the Earth’s physical and human systems/features and the relationships among them. * Physical Features: rivers, mountains, etc. * Human Features: buildings, cities, etc.
b) The Five Themes of Geography * Location (Absolute and Relative) * Absolute and relative locations are 2 ways of describing the positions of the Earth’s physical and cultural features. * Ex: Mogadishu, Somalia, is at 2 degrees north latitude, 45 degrees east longitude.
* Place (Physical and Human Characteristics) * All places on Earth have special features that distinguish them from other places. * Ex: Lake Baikal is 25 million years old, more than one mile wide, and contains 1/5 of the Earth’s fresh water.
* Human-Environment Interactions (Relationships Within Places) * People interact with their environment and change them in different ways. * Ex: 90% of America’s garbage is buried in landfill sites, the cheapest option to waste disposal.
* Movement (Mobility of People, Goods, and Ideas) * How things move from one place to another (information, objects, people) * Ex: AIDS is believed to have started in equatorial Africa. It has been transmitted to other parts of the world via tourists, immigrants, and military personnel.
* Regions (How They Form and Change) * Regions are areas on the surface of the Earth that are defined by certain unifying characteristics. * Ex: Mexico and Germany are subdivided into states; Canada and France call their subdivisions provinces.
c) Mapping * What is a Map? * A map is a representation of the Earth’s features drawn on a flat surface.
* Types of Maps * General Purpose Map * Provides many types of information on one map. * Ex: Water, roads, railways, lines, parks.
* Thematic Maps * Shows specific information