In the diagram below, I have distinctly marked the differences by separate colors where the circles do not intersect. For example: In purple, you will see the differences in elements and political components for the Greek city-state. In mauve, you will see the Roman Republic. In blue, you will see the Roman Empire. Now, where the circles intersect and form an odd shaped triangle colored yellow, you will see the similarities with its interlocking neighbor. For example: The Greek city-state and the Roman Republic were both city-states at some time which is their commonality. Next, you will see Roman Republic interlocking with Roman Empire to share similar interest in religion and their faith in the Roman gods. Lastly,
you will see Roman Empire interlocking with Greek city-state and they share their love for Greek heritage of philosophy, science, and the fine arts. Finally, all three have one main commonality that is directly in the center marked in green which is their language. There is so many details within their history, I hope I adequately explained and identified enough to do it justice.