Issues related to Human Development Index
Contents Introduction 3 New methodology to calculate HDI for 2011 data onwards 4 Importance 5 Objective of study 5 HDI – Across the Nations 6 Politics 6 Judiciary 7 Corruption 7 Natural Resources 7 Why HDI varies across nations? Case of Norway vs. Zimbabwe 8 Zimbabwe 8 Norway 9 GNI per capita & the Population factor 10 Immigrants 10 Non-contributing population 11 Happiness Index 11 Seasonal factors 12 Inequality and IHDI 12 Morality and Materialism 12 Income Variation 13 HDI across States of India 13 Income Dimension 15 Education Dimension 15 Health Dimension 17 Intra-district disparity 17 Challenges to HD faced by States 17 How can we improve HDI of India? 18 Education 19 Health 19 Employment and Skills 20 How can we make HDI a better indicator of development? 21 Including Happiness Index 21 Data sources 22
Introduction
The HDI—human development index—is a summary composite index that measures a country's average achievements in three basic aspects of human development: longevity, knowledge, and a decent standard of living. Longevity is measured by life expectancy at birth; knowledge is measured by a combination of the adult literacy rate and the combined primary, secondary, and tertiary gross enrolment ratio; and standard of living by GDP per capita (PPP US$).It is a composite statistic used to rank countries by level of "human development", taken as a synonym of the older term standards of living, and distinguish "very high human development", "high human development", "medium human development", and "low human development" countries. The Human Development Index (HDI) is a comparative measure of life expectancy, literacy, education and standards of living for countries worldwide. It is a standard means of measuring well-being, especially child welfare. It is used to distinguish whether the country is a developed, a