Preview

Helen Hurd's Impartiality Principles

Powerful Essays
Open Document
Open Document
1238 Words
Grammar
Grammar
Plagiarism
Plagiarism
Writing
Writing
Score
Score
Helen Hurd's Impartiality Principles
6

Theory Assignment
1. A professional is a skilled, knowledgeable, individual that carries themselves in a specific manner. Their occupation is devoted to a certain profession. Helen Hurd's definition of a professional stem from her passage. It states that a professional is some who knows the objective, displays professional attitude, and understands the patterns of relationships. Other qualities that they display our understanding of others, growth, and development in their field, and have planning abilities. There are similarities in the definitions. The main similarity in the definitions is the service that they provide to their profession. They want to make themselves better, so the profession becomes better.

2. The three major divisions
…show more content…
No, the impartiality principle consists of everyone being equals. When the Mayor decided only to clean the side of the city that paid more taxes this rule was violated. The impartiality principle insists that all persons are considered equal and should be treated accordingly. If the mayor was sincere to his entire city, he would have had the street sweepers to clean the entire city with no guidelines attached.
4. Objectivism can be explained as the doctrine that some moral norms or principles are valid for everyone. The doctrine that knowledge, truth, and morality exist in relation to culture, society, or historical context, and are not absolute. (google). With relativism, there are two aspects. Culture relativism views that an action is morally right if one culture approves it. Subjective relativism is the view that wrongness is relative if one approves of it. I am not a cultural relativist. I cannot state that an action is morally right just because one's culture approves of it. For instance, slavery. I look back the Indians. One culture thought that it was okay to lie, cheat, betray the Indians. You will have some opponents for each cause, but the majority
…show more content…
He believed that actions that have moral value only if they are done with a good will. Doing right and observing moral law. Be123.
There are several similarities between these two philosophers. Both recognized intermediate moral rules, called by Kant "duties" and by Mill "subordinate principles. They both had base values in their theories. not to lie, to be beneficent, not to steal, not to deprive others of liberty.
They also differed in many ways. Their definition of good was defined to happiness and goodwill. Another key difference that is Kant want individual goodness, while Mill wanted good for all people. Cite email.
8. Jean-Jacques Rousseau's theory of the social contract he explores the ideas and alienable versus rights. He speaks that man is born free. He believes that man should be free of natural liberties. The general will of the people is correct according to Rousseau's. The similarities between the two philosophers are Aristotle agrees with Rousseau that the master/slave relationship is, or at least should be, one that exists for the mutual benefit of both (1) a need for self-sufficiency.
The differences are Rousseau's Theory thinks a man should not be governed while Aristotle believes in political

You May Also Find These Documents Helpful

  • Good Essays

    According to Rousseau people have more freedoms and live peacefully in the state of natural law. However, other philosophers such as Hobbes and Locke disagree with this view and see the civil society as more ideal. Rousseau is highly a libertarian because the advocates for a high degree of freedom and individual judgment which he sees as being present in the state of natural law.…

    • 799 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Locke and Rousseau both believed in a form of direct democracy, including freedom, equality, and independence. One of Locke’s important philosophies was that people are born with a blank slate, the “Tabula Rasa”, so everyone deserves political respect from birth, but with bad actions such privileges can go away. Rousseau pushed for a social contract to govern society, which took away rights but promised safety. Also, they both valued the human mind much more than past rulers, hence why they set up many ways for citizens to express their own ideas in their government. By including their philosophies in the Enlightenment age it helped push more countries in Europe to become a direct…

    • 496 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    In the opening of the “Declaration of Independence,” Jefferson lays out several main themes that reflect Rousseau's concepts. Jefferson borrows from Rousseau's thinking on equality and freedom when writing, "We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable Rights…" (Jefferson 80). Rousseau speaks of equality by disproving the philosophies of Thomas Hobbes and Hugo Grotius. These men support the concept that "human race... [refers only to a small, select class of people - the ruling class] (Rousseau 60). Rousseau thinks that the philosophies of these men lack justification and that "All men are born free, and everywhere he is in chains" (Rousseau 59). All men are equal only until they give up their freedom and equality in exchange for comforts and protection in their lives. In other words, Rousseau says man is born free, but because of society man become less and less free. The government, and its laws bind the people down, but the people gain benefits from the government.…

    • 801 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Rousseau developed a definition for the state of nature by using his knowledge of humans and animals, which he gathered from observations and experiences. He did not base his ideas of the state of nature on religious beliefs. Rather, he worked backwards; he used what he knew about contemporary man to guess how man was in the beginning (i.e. in the state of nature). Locke begins to explore the state of nature on the premise that the savage man had natural rights in the state of nature. Both philosophers followed the same train of thought: the state of nature, the development of property, the need for the social contract, the civil society that was created, and the governments that formed in those societies. They differ in that Rousseau believed that people left the state of nature when they discovered the benefits of relying on each other for resources. The idea of property caused labor to become necessary; this created a need for a social contract, which formed civil society. Since civil society formed on communal values, it should come before the individual. The individual does not sustain the social contract, the group of individuals does. In…

    • 481 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    In Jean-Jacques Rousseau 's “the Origin of Civil Society, Rousseau presents Ideas that, in his society, were considered very radical. He points out that a Society was in a natural state and that when we were that we were born free, and when we subject ourselves to a king, he must hold up certain rights and protect them, and in return they give him power, what Rosseau called the “Social Contract” . Thomas jefferson 's “Declaration of Independence” is Dirrived from Rousseau 's text about “rights” and “the Social Contract.” The ideas that Rousseau has written about are greatly applied to the ideas that Thomas…

    • 1565 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    Cultural Relativism is the view that all beliefs, customs, and ethics are relative to the individual within his own social context. Cultural relativists believe that all cultures are worthy in their own right and are of equal value. Diversity of cultures, even those with conflicting moral beliefs, is not to be considered in terms of right and wrong or good and bad. Some believe that morality is relative to culture, but some believe that argument is invalid. Some also argue that there is such a thing as moral isolationism.…

    • 811 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Objective moral truths are truths that exist regardless of an individuals or a group opinion. Subjectivists believe that there are no objective moral truths and that morality is decided by the person. For instance, some objectivists would say that it is an objective moral truth that torturing babies is wrong. While subjectivist believe that it is morally true or morally wrong if one approves or disproves of torturing babies. According to subjectivism, things are either right or wrong according to an individuals attitudes and feelings. Cultural relativism differs from objectivists view on moral truths as it believes also there are no objective moral truths. Cultural relativism believe morality is based on the moral code of a culture. Moral codes…

    • 629 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Better Essays

    Moral relativism is one’s perception of what is acknowledged to be morally just or unjust depending on accepted demeanor. Certain behaviors and manners that a specific culture may consider to be acceptable, another culture may consider to be unethical. In such an instance, neither one of the cultures would be incorrect. Morals are culturally defined in that it originates from the root as to what is considered socially acceptable.…

    • 1232 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Good Essays

    Ethics Kant vs Mill

    • 1100 Words
    • 5 Pages

    Philosophers Emmanuel Kant and John Stuart Mill both have different views on moral worth and Utilitarianism, which states that an action is morally right if it produces more good for all people affected or suffering from the action. Mainly, the question is how much of the morality of an action is predicted by its outcome. Both men have moral theories that differ on this topic.…

    • 1100 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Shaw gives an obvious and unconvincing example. He compares abortion in two different societies; it is absolutely wrong in Catholic Spain, but widely accepted in Japan. Most readers would agree that this occurs and abortion is a topic that the world will most likely never come to agreeing terms with. Therefore, relativism is actually significant in each culture. Cultural relativism is complicated in that a whole group of people within an area believe in what they've always been told. Shaw gives an excellent example about slavery in the south. Decades ago, it unfortunately existed and it was acceptable in that time period. However, now it is clearly immoral. A relativist would think that it is acceptable because it was part of the culture. It is not steady to keep changing morals through time. So, who distinguishes right from wrong in that whole society in the first place?…

    • 434 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Moral Relativism is the thought that the moral beliefs held by individuals is influenced and dependent on the culture in which they live in considers tolerable. Hence, what is considered morally appropriate in a single society perhaps is perceived as immoral in a different society. In actuality they both maybe right as they have distinct creators resulting in different laws, diversity, and possibly religious views of each other. Ruth Benedict defends the theory of moral relativism in her article A Defense of Moral Relativism from The Journal of General Psychology. In contrast, William B. Irvine author of Confronting Relativism feels in a few swift examples people can be talked out of their views on moral…

    • 116 Words
    • 1 Page
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Rousseau believed that all men were free and ought to be, therefore any government must act according to the will of the people. The Declaration of Independence includes this too, "A prince, whose character is thus marked by every act which may define a tyrant, is unfit to be the ruler of a free people." This quote reflects Rousseau's ideas exactly. That man is "in chains" by the government a must be free.…

    • 327 Words
    • 1 Page
    Good Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Relativism is the idea that one's beliefs and values are understood in terms of one's society, culture, or even one's own individual values. You may disagree with someone and believe your view is superior, relative to you as an individual; more often, relativism is described in terms of the values of the community in which one lives. The view of ethical relativism regards values as determined by one's own ethical standards, often those provided by one's own culture and background. Rather than insisting that there are moral absolutes, moral claims must be interpreted in terms of how they reflect a person's viewpoint; moral claims are then said to be "right in a given culture" or "wrong for a given society." Perhaps one person lives in a culture where having a sexual relationship outside of marriage is regarded as one of the worst things a person can do; in this culture a person engaging in extramarital sex may be punished or even forced to leave. But another culture might have a considerably different…

    • 591 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Good Essays

    Relativism gives us a greater understanding of other cultures as it explains the discrepancies in moral codes. Herodotus, a Greek historian recounted when the King of Persia offered both the Greeks and the Callatians money if they adapted to each other’s funeral practices (the Greeks burnt the bodies of their fathers, while the Callatians ate the bodies of their fathers). However both disagreed and would not swap for any amount. What was right for one tribe was wrong for the other. What is right or wrong depends upon the nature of the society; different cultures create different values. We all live with unique cultures and so have our own idea of ‘good’.…

    • 808 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    There are plenty of stereotypes attributed to cats, like for instance cats are curious, mysterious, aloof and even sinister. One characteristic behavior that has become a cliché is the “fraidy cat” or “scaredy-cat” label for cats that are unusually skittish or easily startled. Typically cats are quite independent and tend to avoid noisy chaotic situations. However when a cat is overly defensive and unsociable and tends to run and hide at the slightest provocation there may be a cause for concern. Why do cats become fraidy cats?…

    • 813 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays