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Hipotesa

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Hipotesa
BAB V. UJI HIPOTESA

Setiap hipotesis bisa benar atau tidak benar dan karenanya perlu diadakan penelitian sebelum hipotesis itu diterima atau ditolak. Langkah untuk menentukan apakah menerima atau menolak hipotesisi dinamakan pengujian hipotesis. Terdapat dua macam kekeliruan yang dapat terjadi, 1. Kekeliruan type I: menolak hipotesis yang seharusnya diterima, 2. Kekeliruan type II : menerima hipotesis yang seharusnya ditolak Beberapa pengujian hipotesis 1. Hipotesa yang mengandung pengertian sama a) Uji dua pihak (dua arah) H0 : θ = θ0 H1 : θ = θ1 H0 : θ = θ0 H1 : θ > θ0 2. H0 : θ ≤ θ0 H1 : θ > θ1 3. Hipotesa yang mengandung pengertian minimum H0 : θ ≥ θ0 H1 : θ < θ1 Langkah-Langkah Umum Dalam Uji Hipotesa 1. Menentukan formulasi hipotesis nol dan alternatifnya (H0 : tidak ada perbedaan dan H1 : ada perbedaan …..) 2. 3. 4. Menentukan alternatif pengujian ( dua arah atau satu arah) Menentukan taraf signifikan ( α = 5% atau yang lain) Penentuan kriteria pengujian : daerah terima dan daerah tolak atau H0 : θ = θ0 H1 : θ ≠ θ0 H0 : θ = θ0 H1 : θ < θ0

b) Uji satu pihak (satu arah) atau

Hipotesa yang mengandung pengertian maksimum

5. 6.

Penentuan uji statistik yang digunakan (uji t, z, F atau χ2) Kesimpulan dan representasi (hubungan dengan permasalahan yang ada)

5.1

Menguji Rata-Rata (Uji Dua Pihak) H0 : µ = µ0 H1 : µ ≠ µ0


a. σ diketahui Untuk pasangan hipotesis

x − µ0 Dengan µ0 harga yang diketahui, melalui transformasi z = σ/ n
Kriteria pengujian : H0 diterima jika – z ½ (1 - α) < z < z ½ (1 - α), jika tidak ditolak b. σ tidak diketahui Untuk pasangan hipotesis H0 : µ = µ0 H1 : µ ≠ µ0


x − µ0 Dengan µ0 harga yang diketahui, melalui transformasi t = s/ n
Kriteria pengujian : H0 diterima jika – t 1 - ½α < t < t 1 - ½α jika tidak ditolak Contoh 5.1.1 Diduga rata-rata IPK mahasiswa FKIP adalah 2,67, sehingga diadakan penelitian dengan mengambil 80 sampel mahasiswa FKIP angkatan 2008, rata-rata IPK adalah 2,89 dengan simpangan baku

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