1.5.1 Ecological and cultural background
The fall of the Xin dynasty made way for the reestablishment of the Han dynasty. In 25 CE, a descendant of Liu Bang (the Han founder) named Liu Xiu joined the rebellion against Wang Mang and reclaimed the throne after Wang Mang’s death. Liu Xiu revived the Han dynasty in honour of his forbears and became Emperor Guangwu of Han. The new emperor changed the capital of the Han dynasty to a city further east called Loyang. This initiated the new time period referred to as Eastern Han, which ruled over China from 25–220 CE.
Initially, the leadership for Eastern Han was strong and its governance was effective. But in time, an uproar of rebellions and political dissolution broke out. Weakening the government and strengthening the forces that wanted to decentralize the empire. An empire that once lived by the Confucian ways known to benefit both the government and its people, began to increasingly maximize the wealth by the government and instead the government allowed the interests of the upper class to be prioritized first and foremost. Resulting in the continuous uprising of …show more content…
The end however was a result of factors that carried over from the Western Han dynasty to the Xin dynasty and ultimately could not be reconciled in the reestablishment of the Eastern Han dynasty. In particular, the Yellow River flood reigned catastrophe over the Xin dynasty and its continued to have effects in the Eastern Han dynasty. Moreover, the rebellions that became a prominent factor in the Xin dynasty, led way for the peasantry revolts against the Eastern Han dynasty. Weakening the integrity of the government. Both examples are external factors that pressured the Xin dynasty, as well as, the Eastern Han dynasty into collapse. The government could not alleviate the external conditions that resulted in class conflict and