William Talbot, an Englishman, coated paper with silver chloride and exposed it to light thru a camera obscura to produce a negative image. An example of the Calotype’s first photo negative was of a window panel onlooking the sky. The image was converted to a positive image, by encasing the negative image with sensitized paper in a glass contact print, then exposed to ultraviolet light. Moreover, the exposure times were shorter than the Daguerrotype process, Daugerre’s exposure took hours and Talbot’s exposure took minutes. The Calotype process allowed mass production of images during the Industrial Revolution, therefore, allowed the Middle Class to experience photographic portraits, which before was only limited to the rich and privileged.
Both Daguerre and Talbot allowed photography to overthrow drawing and painting, in American, 3 million daguerrotypes portraits were produced of commonplace objects of the Middle Class life. Also, photography captures a moment in time and documents unknown places; consequently, motion, color, and instantaneous photograhy developed overtime. Therefore, regards to photography, the Daguerrotypes and Calotypes were revolutionary during 1760 to 1840, and both processes changed the nature of visual