In 1867, Tokugawa Yoshinobu gave up his post as the fifteenth Tokugawa shogun which transferred the power to the young Mutsuhito, however the whole of Japan was not to give up so easily. On January 27, 1868, both sides clashed for a four day battle that was to be known as the Battle of Toba-Fushimi, which marked the beginning of the Boshin War. On April 11 1869, Yoshinobu surrendered and handed over Edo Castle. Some samurai and daimyo fought on in northern strongholds, however it was clear that the Meiji Restoration was already in full swing. Once his throne was secure, the Meiji emperor, with the help of his advisors, set about transforming Japan into a powerful modernized nation. Among many thins, the four-tiered class structure was abolished, the army was modernized and new westernized military uniforms, weapons, and tactics were implemented instead of classic samurai ones. Furthermore, an elementary educational system for all genders was adopted; as well as improving manufacturing in Japan and shifting from textiles and other such goods to manufacturing weapons and heavy machinery. Moreover, in 1889, the Meiji constitution was…