• An enzyme is a specific organic catalyst (substance that speeds up reaction without being used up in the experiment) in which it binds on to a specific substrate (reactant) at the active site and lowers the activation energy required to perform that reaction. Enzymes are important biologically because, for example, the human body performs certain reactions that keep us alive and most of them react at 37 degrees Celsius (body temperature. In each of these reactions, there is an enzyme that catalyzes these reactions to lower the amount of energy needed to perform this reaction. If enzymes didn’t exist then body temperature wouldn’t be enough to perform any of these reactions properly. Enzymes have certain conditions in which it will work in. For instance, most enzymes react at certain temperatures (varies in each enzyme), most enzymes react from a pH of 6- 8, and react faster or slower according to the amount of substrate present. Altering temperature, pH level, and concentrations of enzyme and substrates may cause absolute no change to the activation energy in which the enzyme would have been denatured. In addition to these environmental factors, other molecules may react with an enzyme. These may have great to no effect on the enzymes. Those…
On the biochemical level, enzymes work at precise temperatures and pH levels. When the temperature goes up, enzyme activity speeds up. When temperatures decrease, enzyme activity slows down. If an enzyme is at too high of a temperature, it stops functioning. Stomach enzymes function in a more acidic environment (low pH) and intestinal enzymes work in a more alkaline environment (high pH).…
PH: ph affects the activity of enzymes as they always have a range of ph where they function optimally. At an extreme ph valve, the enzyme will break down/ denature. This means the enzyme will begin to come apart and no longer be able to function…
The increasing temperature increases molecular motion and may increase the number of times an enzyme contacts and combines with a substrate molecule. Temperature may also influence the shape of the enzyme molecule, making it fit better with the substrate.…
Different sequence of amino acid produces different structure of protein, which determines the property of protein, thus each kind of enzymes has its unique active site, which only fits to complementary – shaped substrate to form product. Because of the feature of active site, each kind of enzymes therefore is specific for a particular reaction. However, there are several factors affect the rate of enzyme reactions, they are temperature, pH, concentration of enzyme, concentration of substrate and inhibitors. High temperature and pH affects the structure of enzyme, irreversible denaturation occurs, the shape of active site is changed, enzymes therefore no longer function. The effect of the other factors is slowing down the rate of enzyme reactions, it depends on the concentration of those factors. Since enzymes are catalyst of chemical reactions, they are responsible to the activities of cells, and they determine the function of tissues and organs as well.…
Purpose: The purpose of this experiment was to test whether the pH affected the enzyme reaction rate.…
The rate of enzyme activity is highest when the temperature is the highest and lowest when the temperature is lowest. The temperature causes the enzymes to speed up and produce more product when heated and slows down when cooled. This is seen in the data gathered during the temperature part of the lab.…
Enzymes are proteins that act as catalysts for reactions. This simply means that enzymes lower the activation energy required for a reaction to take place, allowing a particular reaction to take place much quicker and easier. Specific enzymes only lower the activation energy for specific reactions, and enzymes are shape-specific. The unique folds of the amino acid chains that make up an enzyme result in the formation of a specifically shaped active site. When the reactants of a reactions, called substrates, fit perfectly into the active site of an enzyme, the enzyme is able to catalyze the reaction. The activity of enzymes is affected by both the concentrations of enzymes present and the concentration of substrate present. As the amount of enzyme present increases, the rate of reaction increases. Furthermore, as the amount of substrate increases, the rate of reaction will initially increases. Most enzymes require specific environmental conditions to be met in order for them to function properly and efficiently. These conditions include temperature, then concentration of salt, and the pH level. If the optimum conditions for an enzyme are altered, the enzyme may denature, or change its shape, and deactivate. As a result, the enzyme would no longer to be able to catalyze the reaction, and the reaction rate would significantly decrease ("Worthington Biochemical Corporation").…
Enzymes are catalysts responsible for increasing the rate of reactions. Amylase is a common enzyme found in the human body and is responsible for the breakdown of starch and proteins. Enzymes are an important part of our daily lives without them our metabolic processes would take extremely long. Another use of enzymes is that they can also be a form of catalytic antibodies (Kraut, 11). Enzyme activity is affected by three main factors, the main one being temperature. Temperature affects how quickly an enzyme breaks up the substrate. A substrate is the foundation to which an enzyme attaches itself.(Raven, 113) In this experiment, the factor we are testing is temperature, which is also the independent variable. If the optimal temperature is too high the active site denatures or changes shape which decreases substrate binding.(Goldina,Simms 47)…
| Still liquid, the enzyme did not increase in rate of reaction, room temperature was not ideal.…
1. The starch and amylase solutions must be left in the water bath for 5 minutes before mixing.…
Temperature has an effect on enzyme activity. As temperature increases, enzyme activity increases making it work faster. The enzyme activity increases till an optimum temperature is reached, from then the activity of the enzyme decreases as further increase in temperature starts to denature the enzyme. Enzyme activity will eventually stop when it gets completely denatured. This is evident in this experiment, at room temperature (21ᵒC) the enzyme was able to break down the fat in the milk (turning the solution…
Many enzymes are proteins that lower the activation energy needed to start chemical reactions that are crucial to the survival of life. Alike to other proteins enzymes undergo changes in shape based on the surrounding environment, and thus their productivity changes as well. Many factors affect the productivity of enzyme including temperature, concentration of enzyme in a reaction, and pH (Gundlach 441).…
The dependent variable in the experiment was the time taken to coagulate, the independent was the temperature of the water bath and the control was the deionised water and milk solution. These variables allowed for the experiment to be conducted accurately, with unexpected results. This is due to the enzymes being most active at 60ᵒC, it was that results were going to be most active at the 41ᵒC which is close to human body temperature. When we compare the enzyme in the low temperatures to the enzymes in the higher temperature we observed that the enzymes were functioning at a significantly reduced rate at the 24ᵒC temperature and was completely inactive at the 0ᵒC temperature.…
The rate at which an enzyme works is influenced by several factors. One of these is the concentration of substrate molecules for the higher the amount, the faster the enzyme molecules collide and bind with them. The concentration of substrate is represented as [S] and is expressed in molarity. Temperature is also considered because as it rises, molecular motion causing collisions between enzyme and substrate speed up. But as enzymes are proteins, there comes a point when the enzyme becomes denatured and ineffective. Presence of inhibitors affects…