Marcel Duchamp. In 1913 a French artist mounted a bicycle wheel on a stool, and changed the art world forever.
Duchamp is arguably the most influential artist of the twenty-century, his influence is not always obvious or dominate however the underlying acceptance of radical freedom of action and thought that is concurrent in artists practice can always be traced back to Duchamp. Duchamp was a French artist who was a part of the Dada movement, a modern art movement based around the idea of challenging the norm. Dada was anti-art, it was more a “world view” rather then a distinct style, going against conventional art the aim being to provoke, stimulate and involve the audience (even if that involvement was by talking negatively about the art, the fact that people are talking about it, meant the Dadaists had achieved their goal.) Oftener dubbed the “Farther of Post-Modernism”, Duchamp’s Readymades (a found objects he selected and exhibited as an artwork) broke boundaries in defining what art was in terms of martial practice and looking at the structural framework and looked at the ideas of conceptualism.
Duchamp subverted the nature of art. Through his embrace of chance and play, his original approach to his material practice and his ideologies about the conceptual side of an artwork having more importance then the work itself and the even more importance of the audience. Orginaly starting out with paintings then moving to new york after being rejected, then began making his ready mades including a bottle rack, a urinal (upsidedown), a hat rack suspended in the ceiling. Duchamp noted that he used titles as “an extra colour on his palette”. His titles are often humorous and ironic He set out to shock, disrupt the average and took delight in disturbing and outrage people with his radical approach art. The precedent Duchamp set had a deep impacted the art world, without that precedent artist such as Warhol, Jasper Johns, Pollock,