Dr. Montessori’s educational aims are to help the development of the child; and to help him adapt himself to (a) the physical conditions of his environment; (b) to the social requirements dictated by the way of life of the group of people among whom he lived – the society. For adaptation thus considered stability plays a great role because it represents the basis from which to start from towards the realization of the individual’s aspiration. Some of the fundamental and unchanging facts that may help us in our task of educating concern “the child” himself. Therefore, it is important that we study his needs, functions and his possible tendency to further understand the child, identify the manner of assistance we can give them and to fulfil the aim of giving these children the picture of mankind in the world. These basic aspects of man are invariable no matter what situation is. No matter what the ideologies of the moment, certain facts remain constant. He may be normal or with disability but his basic needs remains the same.
“base yourself upon the fundamental facts that do not change no matter what the ideology is at any special historical moment or how often ideologies change and by doing so sway men to pursue different channels.” – Maria Montessori
Human Needs
According to the book Creative Development in the Child: A Montessori Approach(p.288) by Rukmini Ramachandran, “A man does not come to the Earth merely to eat and enjoy himself! Like all other forms of life, he comes with his hands to do his work. He must (a) nourish his himself, (b)reproduce his kind and (c)find the best living conditions for himself and his family.” It is a mere summary of the Needs of Man and how mankind fits in with the rest of life as identified by Montessori.
Man survived for generations through exploration driven by his needs. God gave to man as condition for further development that first of all it