Hypertension And Over-Hydration Research Paper

It’s important to maintain a correct balance in the body and avoid dehydration or over-hydration. The hypothalamus of the brain monitors the body’s fluid salt concentration and responds with a signal to take in fluid when water levels are low or salt concentration is high. The body produces two hormones, antidiuretic hormone (ADH) and aldosterone, to help maintain hydration. Antidiuretic hormone is released by the pituitary gland in the brain to signal the kidneys to retain water. When ADH causes water reabsorption from the kidney tubules, the salts and wastes are concentrated in what will eventually be urine. High level of ADH secretion and water retention happen when dehydration causes increase of osmolarity. ADH then travels in the bloodstream to the kidneys where it transforms the kidneys to be more permeable to water by inserting water channels called aquaporins.
Hypertension is often associated with obesity, and losing weight can result in a significant drop in blood pressure. Sodium has long been linked with an increased occurrence of hypertension. However, reducing salt intake can decrease the incidence of hypertension. People often used diuretic drugs to treat high blood pressure and the most common drug is called “thiazide” diuretics. This drug works by causing the kidney to get rid of more sodium or by increased the salt and water amount that present in the urine. High amount of salt can responsible for fluid to stick inside of the blood vessels and raising the blood pressure. Diuretic drugs help by flushing salt out of the body and taking unwanted extra fluid with it, thus resulting in lowering of blood pressure. In addition, it reacts by widening and relaxing the walls of the blood vessel to allow blood passing through much easier, which lowers the blood pressure (Hewlings and Medeiros, pgs.