ISIS Leadership Analysis
which the individual seeks to reach his/her goals; it includes generalized ways of coping with the problems that are faced in life.
Each individual style of life is normally a consistent unity and despite following different individual routes, each aims for the security, unity, and oneness of the individual psyche (Adler, 2002 p.59). When such unity is not expressed, then the individual acts ‘out of character’. This is a clear indication that individuals can be assumed to normally act in character. For Adler, psychological problems could develop out of a faulty style of life. This commonly arises from three major types of childhood experience: (1) perceived inferiorities; (2) neglect, and (3) pampering (ibid).
Children with infirmities or …show more content…
Vamik Volkan
The ISIS Conflict relates to the arguments posited by Turkish-American psychoanalyst Vamik Volkan wherein he refers to the term ‘chosen trauma’ to describe a process in which a group of discontented people evokes the memory of a traumatic event in their history to bring about change (Shantzmiller, 2002 p.86). In this regard, the quality of leadership in the group is crucial, and it may fall under two leadership types: (1) reparative, and; (2) destructive.
Shantzmiller explains that when there is reparative leadership in the group, the leader evokes the memory of the traumatic event to bring about unity and to solidify group identity so that desired change may be achieved without inflicting harm to external groups. Contrastingly, destructive leadership aims to achieve desired outcomes by calling to mind the chosen trauma to stir emotions and inspire anger and hate against the persecutors of the group. It is through the leader that the people feel a sense of victimization by a real or imagined enemy, resulting in the resurgence of latent ideologies. With a destructive leader, revenge is at the forefront of a group that believes it is superior and entitled to the highest …show more content…
Henri Tajfel
Social Identity Theory, posited by Henri Tajfel, argues that social identity gives an individual a sense of who he or she is based on his or her membership in a community (Tajfel, 2010 p.423). In this context, social identity is a vital part of an individual’s character because it is from the sense of belonging that pride and self esteem emanate. This includes not only inclusion in a large society but may also apply in a small group of people that has developed an identity that is perceived to be distinct from other groups.
Feelings of pride and self esteem, however, may be derived at the expense of degrading other groups or by enhancing the image of the group to which the members belong, whether consciously or unconsciously (ibid). As a result, prejudice and discrimination against outsiders are developed by the group members, as evidenced by the prevalence of racial and social class discrimination in all societies. This means that people are categorized into social groups, branded as either ‘us’ or ‘them’. Social Identity Theory therefore implies that social pride can only come from a perception of superiority over other
Each individual style of life is normally a consistent unity and despite following different individual routes, each aims for the security, unity, and oneness of the individual psyche (Adler, 2002 p.59). When such unity is not expressed, then the individual acts ‘out of character’. This is a clear indication that individuals can be assumed to normally act in character. For Adler, psychological problems could develop out of a faulty style of life. This commonly arises from three major types of childhood experience: (1) perceived inferiorities; (2) neglect, and (3) pampering (ibid).
Children with infirmities or …show more content…
Vamik Volkan
The ISIS Conflict relates to the arguments posited by Turkish-American psychoanalyst Vamik Volkan wherein he refers to the term ‘chosen trauma’ to describe a process in which a group of discontented people evokes the memory of a traumatic event in their history to bring about change (Shantzmiller, 2002 p.86). In this regard, the quality of leadership in the group is crucial, and it may fall under two leadership types: (1) reparative, and; (2) destructive.
Shantzmiller explains that when there is reparative leadership in the group, the leader evokes the memory of the traumatic event to bring about unity and to solidify group identity so that desired change may be achieved without inflicting harm to external groups. Contrastingly, destructive leadership aims to achieve desired outcomes by calling to mind the chosen trauma to stir emotions and inspire anger and hate against the persecutors of the group. It is through the leader that the people feel a sense of victimization by a real or imagined enemy, resulting in the resurgence of latent ideologies. With a destructive leader, revenge is at the forefront of a group that believes it is superior and entitled to the highest …show more content…
Henri Tajfel
Social Identity Theory, posited by Henri Tajfel, argues that social identity gives an individual a sense of who he or she is based on his or her membership in a community (Tajfel, 2010 p.423). In this context, social identity is a vital part of an individual’s character because it is from the sense of belonging that pride and self esteem emanate. This includes not only inclusion in a large society but may also apply in a small group of people that has developed an identity that is perceived to be distinct from other groups.
Feelings of pride and self esteem, however, may be derived at the expense of degrading other groups or by enhancing the image of the group to which the members belong, whether consciously or unconsciously (ibid). As a result, prejudice and discrimination against outsiders are developed by the group members, as evidenced by the prevalence of racial and social class discrimination in all societies. This means that people are categorized into social groups, branded as either ‘us’ or ‘them’. Social Identity Theory therefore implies that social pride can only come from a perception of superiority over other