Industrial Revolution
Juliann Gardiner
Mr. Hawkins
History Period 5
30 September 2014
Chapter 7, Sections 1, 2, & 3. Pages 196 – 207:
Pages.198 #3-5
3. For thousands of years following the rise of civilization, most people lived and worked in small farming villages. However, a chain of events set in motion in the mid-1700s changed that way of life for all time. The Industrial Revolution started in Britain. In contrast with most political revolutions, it was neither sudden nor swift. Instead, it was a long slow, uneven process in which production shifted from simple hand tools to complex machines. New sources of power replaced human and animal power. In the 250 years since it began, the Industrial Revolution has spread from Britain to the rest of Europe, to North America, and around the globe.
4. Industrial-age travellers moved rapidly between countries and countries and continent by train or steamship. Urgent messages flew along telegraph wires. New inventions and scientific “firsts” poured out each year. Between 1830 and 1855, for example, an American Dentist used an anesthetic, or drug that prevents pain during surgery; and American inventor patented the first sewing machine; a French physicist measured the speed of light; and a Hungarian doctor introduced antiseptic methods to reduce the risk of women dying in childbirth.
5. During the 1700s, people began to harness new sources of energy. One vital power source was coal, used to develop the steam engine. In 1712, inventor Thomas Newcomen had developed a steam engine powered by coal to pump water out of the mines. About 1769, a Scottish engineer James Watt improved on Newcomen’s engine. Watt’s engine would become a key power source of the Industrial Revolution. The Darby family of Coalbrookdale pioneered new methods of producing iron. In 1709, Abraham Darby used coal to smelt iron, or separate iron from its ore. When he discovered that coal gave impurities that damaged the iron, Darby found a way to remove the impurities
Mr. Hawkins
History Period 5
30 September 2014
Chapter 7, Sections 1, 2, & 3. Pages 196 – 207:
Pages.198 #3-5
3. For thousands of years following the rise of civilization, most people lived and worked in small farming villages. However, a chain of events set in motion in the mid-1700s changed that way of life for all time. The Industrial Revolution started in Britain. In contrast with most political revolutions, it was neither sudden nor swift. Instead, it was a long slow, uneven process in which production shifted from simple hand tools to complex machines. New sources of power replaced human and animal power. In the 250 years since it began, the Industrial Revolution has spread from Britain to the rest of Europe, to North America, and around the globe.
4. Industrial-age travellers moved rapidly between countries and countries and continent by train or steamship. Urgent messages flew along telegraph wires. New inventions and scientific “firsts” poured out each year. Between 1830 and 1855, for example, an American Dentist used an anesthetic, or drug that prevents pain during surgery; and American inventor patented the first sewing machine; a French physicist measured the speed of light; and a Hungarian doctor introduced antiseptic methods to reduce the risk of women dying in childbirth.
5. During the 1700s, people began to harness new sources of energy. One vital power source was coal, used to develop the steam engine. In 1712, inventor Thomas Newcomen had developed a steam engine powered by coal to pump water out of the mines. About 1769, a Scottish engineer James Watt improved on Newcomen’s engine. Watt’s engine would become a key power source of the Industrial Revolution. The Darby family of Coalbrookdale pioneered new methods of producing iron. In 1709, Abraham Darby used coal to smelt iron, or separate iron from its ore. When he discovered that coal gave impurities that damaged the iron, Darby found a way to remove the impurities