The result for the direct motion for Danny Driver (DD) will be granted, but the direct verdict for (FF) will not be granted. The court must determine whether the hitchhiker's estate had a prima facie case for negligence and could satisfy the burden of production to prove that both DD and FF breached their duty the day of the car accident that lead to the death of the hitchhiker.…
I can confirm that the evidence listed for this unit is my own work and was carried out under the conditions and…
Pre birth experiences: Tobacco, Alcohol, and Other Drug Use - Many drugs taken by the mother pass directly to the foetus. Research shows that a mother's use of cigarettes, alcohol, or other drugs during pregnancy may have damaging effects on the unborn child that may affect the child mentally or physically as they develop.…
Alcohol and smoking can affect children during pregnancy because it can affect their mental and physical development…
4) Colic: A baby born of a mother who used to smoke during pregnancy is more likely to have colic. Colic is often a condition of early infancy. Colic results abdominal pain caused by spasm, obstruction, or distention of any of the hollow viscera, such as intestine.…
Neonatal abstinence syndrome is a combination of neurologic, gastrointestinal, and autonomic dysregulation symptoms. This combination makes it difficult to deal with in an absence of medication. Methadone, a synthetic analgesic opioid. Similar to morphine effect, but less in sedation severity, considered as the gold standard treatment in pregnancy opioid abstinence, since around 45 years. As metabolism accelerate in pregnancy, Methadone’s effect end faster than in non-pregnant women. This make both mother and fetus exposed to withdrawal symptoms, and thus contribute to higher NAS complications. Many methods when giving methadone is used. The most common one is a single dose daily. The second is restricted doses to prevent fetal exposure. Another…
The purpose of this research critique is to inform the reader of a randomized clinical study regarding the treatment of Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome (NAS). This writer is interested in the treatment of drug exposed infants and the goals of reducing babies’ hospitalization in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). The study researches the adjunct therapy for treatment of NAS. The study will be broken down into the following units: protection of human participants, type of data collection utilized in the study, data management and analysis, findings and interpretation of these findings and finally the conclusion of the study and its findings.…
The second criterion is withdrawal. Withdrawal often occurs a few hours after ceasing to use the drug. When someone is experiencing withdrawal, they…
Limitations of this study include the lack of generalization of this study because of the use of a homogenous population. The authors of the study did account for this as they were trying to develop a screening tool. Another limitation includes the screening tool itself as it is specific to this study. In the development of the screening tool it was more likely that the cross validation group would test positive for drug use when compared to the developmental group. Further investigation of the tool involves the order in which items are administered to the research subjects as this is known to alter results. A great strength of the study is the use of urine and hair samples to help substantiate the use of the indirect screening tool. This standard demonstrated that drug use during pregnancy is more likely to show drug use outside of…
When a women or a young women is pregnant she must alter some of the things she may be doing in her everyday life. Harmful things such as drinking and smoking should be at the top of the list of things not to do when carrying a developing human being. Some women, and most teenage girls do not understand the repercussions that smoking and drinking may have to their unborn child, so they continue to be the life of the party. Some of the outcomes of drinking and smoking while pregnant include Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD), low birth weight, still birth, growth issues, birth defects, or the mother may have a miscarriage.…
Increasing numbers of women are abusing drugs during pregnancy and thus endangering the well being and lives of their children as well as themselves. The spreading abuse of phencyclidine (PCP), cocaine, and cocaine 's potent form "crack", added to the more well known addictive narcotics such as heroin, has intensified concerns about the implications of maternal drug use for unborn children (www.medceu.com).…
A healthy prenatal environment is a key factor for a fetus in the womb. Alcohol, caffeine, tobacco, and drugs are just some of the dangerous teratogens that can affect the soon to be born baby. However, alcohol can be one of the most hazardous teratogens to a fetus. Prenatal alcohol exposure may cause Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS), childhood depressive symptoms, lowered IQ and much more. Prenatal alcohol exposure may cause irreversible damages to a child.…
According to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention, the average teenager engages in sexual intercourse by the age of seventeen, but do not marry until the mid-twenties (citation). This means that young adults are at an increased risk for unintended pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections for nearly ten years or longer. The numbers of students engaging in sexual activity of ages thirteen to twenty-four continues to grow each year, as does the number of unplanned pregnancies and HIV infections due to not being fully educated about the risks. Today, the duty of educating students and teenagers about sexual intercourse and the risks involved is left to the government and public school system. Abstinence education programs in public…
Fackelman, (1989) reports two studies of the effects cocaine/marijuana use by pregnant women, have on their newborns, and whether the drugs cause neurological damage to the babies that may cause learning disabilities later in life and the effects these drugs have on birth…
High school is either the best days of your life or four years of struggling and mild torture for teens, and the pressure to be sexually active can push adolescents towards the latter. The idea that sexual activity is the ticket to popularity is burned into teens brains by the media, through television, major label music, and movies, their peers, and celebrity role models. They are bombarded with images and sounds dripping with sexual innuendos and sometimes-blatant encouragement of adolescent sex. It is almost impossible to believe that any teen has not become sexually active after their constant exposure to the sex-craved American entertainment system. These are some of the reasons…