A.Development Management brings together expertise in political science, economics, management studies and public administration to engage in problems relating to the institutions and organizations of development. The analytical focus of research is on the institutional roots of developmental and anti-developmental processes, and the roles and effectiveness of the local, national and international organisations that drive development forward.
Development management deals with the coordination and management processes of international development programs and projects. The dominant paradigm in development management is the intervention in the form of a transfer of aid by an external agency/donor and the oversight of the related project cycle, i.e. project identification, planning (formulation and appraisal), implementation and monitoring, and evaluation
Many managers are promoted into managerial roles because they exhibited strong performance as technicians. The shift from technical to strategic can be a difficult one, however, and many new managers flounder. Too often organizations provide no formal development program for its new managers—and no "refresher" training for existing managers or high-potential employees.
An organization's managers are its direct link to employees—they have a strong influential role and impact on performance and morale. The business environment is changing at an ever-quickening pace requiring ongoing education. Managerial work has become increasingly fast-paced, less structured and more reliant on strong interpersonal and leadership skills than ever before.
In addition, with a shrinking labor pool, organizations need to take steps to identify strong leaders and provide the appropriate development opportunities for them. Growing talent from within is becoming an increasingly prevalent staffing alternative.
B.
Overview of Organizational Structure
Business organizations can be structured in various ways, both