An isotope is a two or more atom that has different mass number but the same atomic number. An isotope is a variation of an element with a difference in the normal number of neutrons.
The increased mass of an isotope can cause the chemical reactions they are used in to progress more slowly than a reaction that does not use isotopes. Not all isotopes are radioactive and there are many uses for them. They can be used in medicine, diagnose, nutrition, agriculture, research and many other things.
Radioisotopes are naturally or artificially created isotopes of chemical elements that have a very unstable nucleus. These products emit rays like alpha, beta and gamma rays. After the nucleus separate, it decays and forms a different atom having different number of protons. Radioactive isotopes and controlled radiation are used to improve food crops, preserve food, determine ground- water resources, sterilize medical supplies, analyze hormones, X-ray pipelines, control industrial processes and study environmental pollution.
In our daily life we need food, water and good health. Today, isotopes have come to play an important role in the technologies that provide us with these basic needs.
ANIMAL PRODUCTION AND HEALTH
In many regions of the world animal production is limited by poor growth, reproductive performance and milk output of livestock, which limits the availability of animal products such as meat, milk, eggs, fibers, leather, etc. for use by man. Reduced animal production results from unbalanced nutrition, lack of adaptation to the prevailing climatic conditions, and parasitic and other diseases.
Co-ordinated research programs on the study of non-protein nitrogen metabolism using N-15 and the utilization of low quality roughages and agro-industrial by-products in ruminants, together with studies on mineral imbalances, are helping to devise alternative feeding practices in countries where traditional feeds for ruminants are in